Browsing by Subject "Allergy"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Mechanisms underlying eosinophil trafficking and their relevance in vivo
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2000) Cara, D. C.; Negrao-Correa, D.; Teixeira, M. M.
    After their formation in the bone marrow, eosinophils circulate with a short half-life and are distributed throughout the body, especially in mucosal and sub-mucosal regions. Although a small amount of these cells are normally seen in healthy tissue, blood and tissue eosinophilia is a hallmark of helminthic and allergic diseases. The role of eosinophils in the normal physiology of mucosal tissues is not understood, but there is good evidence to demonstrate that these cells protect the host at least against some intestinal helminths, specially those with a lung cycle. In addition, there are now many data that support a role for eosinophils in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, such as asthma. Because helminthic diseases have been largely controlled in developed countries, there has been much interest in the development of drugs which affect eosinophil migration and/or activation in the tissue and which may, thus, be useful in the treatment of allergic conditions. The understanding of the mechanisms controlling eosinophil trafficking and/or activation are essential in the development of anti-eosinophil-based therapeutic strategies. The present paper reviews aspects of eosinophil biology with emphasis on the role of eosinophils in parasitic infections and allergy, the basic mechanisms underlying the trafficking of eosinophils into tissue and how these can be modulated pharmacologically.
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    Prenatal vitamin D status and respiratory and allergic outcomes in childhood: A meta-analysis of observational studies
    (2018-05) Pacheco-González, Rosa M.; Garcia-Marcos, Luis; Morales, Eva; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Background: Prenatal vitamin D status may influence offspring’s respiratory and allergic outcomes; however, evidence is inconclusive. A systematic review and metaanalysis were conducted on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels in maternal blood in pregnancy or cord blood at birth with the risk of offspring’s respiratory and allergic conditions. Methods: Two independent researchers conducted systematic searches for observational studies published until May 2017 using defined keywords on vitamin D and health outcomes, including respiratory tract infections (RTIs), wheeze, asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization, and lung function. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 34 from 547 retrieved articles were included. Increased prenatal exposure to 25(OH)D was inversely associated with risk of RTIs. Comparing the highest with the lowest category of 25(OH)D levels, the pooled odds ratio was 0.64 (95% CI 0.47, 0.87). A positive borderline association was found for lung function at school age (FEV1 z-score coefficient 0.07, 95% CI -0.01, 0.15). No associations were found for wheeze, asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, and allergic sensitization. Conclusion: The introduction of public health measures to tackle vitamin D status in pregnancy may reduce the burden of RTIs in offspring. Current evidence does not support an impact on asthma and allergy.
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    The Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohortstudy: Rationale, design, and methods
    Morales Bartolome, Eva; Alcantara Lopez, Maria V.; Cabezas Herrera, Juan; De Diego Puente, María Teresa; Hernandez Caselles, Trinidad; Jimenez Guerrero, Pedro; Larque Daza, Elvira; Lopez Soler, Concepción; Martinez Gracia, Carmen; Martinez Torres, Antonela; Martin-orozco Santiago, Elena; Mendiola Olivares, Jaime; Nieto Diaz, Anibal; Noguera, Jose A.; Perez Fernandez, Virginia; Prieto Sanchez, M. Teresa; Salvador Garcia, Carmen; Sanchez Solis De Querol, Manuel; Santaella Pascual, Marina; Sola Martinez, Rosa A.; Torres Cantero, Alberto; Yagüe, Genoveva; Zornoza Moreno, Matilde; Garcia-marcos Alvarez, Luis; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología