Browsing by browse.metadata.contributordepartment "Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Ageing of the circadian system. From monitoring to chronoenhancement.
    (Spanish Society of Anti-Ageing Medicine and Longevity (SEMAL), 2018-10) Martinez-Nicolas, A; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Martinez-Madrid, M J; Argüelles, R; Ortega-Sabater, C; Fernandez-Ortiz, M; Costa, J. de; Madrid, J A; Rol, M A; Fisiología; Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus. IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain.; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
    The circadian system (CS) organizes the temporal order of all living beings. Its general structure is very similar among species and consists of receptors of the temporal information (inputs), a central pacemaker along with several peripheral clocks that depend on it (machinery), and a set of overt rhythms driven by the central clock (outputs). The CS ages like any other structure of the organism, this process being characterized by a poorer reception of the temporal information, a general impairment of the central pacemaker and a phase advance, fragmentation and dampening of the overt rhythms. In order to assess the functioning of the CS, some overt rhythms have been selected as markers since they mirror the activity of the central pacemaker. Some of the most used marker rhythms are those of melatonin and cortisol secretion, rest-activity and sleep-wake patterns, and core body and distal skin temperature. Nevertheless, these rhythms can be masked by external variables and thus, to simultaneously record several marker rhythms is recommended. As the CS ages, the ability of an organism to adjust the internal temporal order of physiological, biochemical and behavioural circadian rhythms to the environmental cycles is compromised and chronodisruption can appear, which is related with several diseases. Fortunately, there are some strategies that one person can follow in order to enhance the functioning of the CS: to increase the contrast between day and night (i.e. to exposure to bright days and dark nights), to have melatonin (if needed), to do regular exercise, to improve sleep and meal schedules or to increase social contacts.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Circadian monitoring as an aging predictor
    (Nature Research, 2018-10-09) Martinez-Nicolas, A; Madrid, J A; Garcia, F J; Campos, M; Moreno Casbas, M T; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Lucas-Sanchez, A; Rol, M A; Fisiología; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.; Geriatrics Section, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain; Department of Computer Science and Systems, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Nursing and Healthcare Research Unit (Investén-isciii), Madrid, Spain
    The ageing process is associated with sleep and circadian rhythm (SCR) frailty, as well as greater sensitivity to chronodisruption. This is essentially due to reduced day/night contrast, decreased sensitivity to light, napping and a more sedentary lifestyle. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop an algorithm to identify a SCR phenotype as belonging to young or aged subjects. To do this, 44 young and 44 aged subjects were recruited, and their distal skin temperature (DST), activity, body position, light, environmental temperature and the integrated variable TAP rhythms were recorded under free-living conditions for five consecutive workdays. Each variable yielded an individual decision tree to differentiate between young and elderly subjects (DST, activity, position, light, environmental temperature and TAP), with agreement rates of between 76.1% (light) and 92% (TAP). These decision trees were combined into a unique decision tree that reached an agreement rate of 95.3% (4 errors out of 88, all of them around the cut-off point). Age-related SCR changes were very significant, thus allowing to discriminate accurately between young and aged people when implemented in decision trees. This is useful to identify chronodisrupted populations that could benefit from chronoenhancement strategies.