Lifelong learning: diferentes contextos, diferentes situaciones

Abstract

Aprender es una acción que realizamos de forma constante a lo largo de la vida, y donde el contexto es inseparable de las acciones humanas que se desarrollan tanto en contextos académicos como cotidianos. Con este estudio se ha analizado la acción desarrollada ante tareas cotidianas y académicas, vinculadas a contextos determinados. Se han identificado y descrito las Estrategias Cognitivas (EC, en adelante) o procedimientos intencionales empleados para resolver dichas tareas. Es decir, conocer las EC empleadas en distintos contextos al realizar tareas de la vida cotidiana y de la vida académica, nos permitirá desarrollar competencias básicas para el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida y educar ciudadanos capaces de transferir su conocimiento a nuevos contextos. Para identificar dichas EC, se le propone a un grupo realizar determinadas tareas y verbalizar su pensamiento estratégico. Esta verbalización, junto con la observación participante y las entrevistas en profundidad, realizadas a todos los sujetos, son los elementos claves para lograr detectar y analizar las EC empleadas.

Learning is an action we constantly do through our lives and where the context becomes something inevitably linked to the human actions that are developed in any cognitive activity, in academic contexts as well as in daily life contexts. In this study we have analyzed the action developed in daily and academic tasks related to certain contexts, and we have identified and described the Cognitive Strategies (CS, from now on) or intentional procedures which allowed us to take the suitable decisions to solve those tasks. That is to say, knowing the cognitive strategies used in different contexts when carrying out daily life and academic tasks, will make us develop basic competences for lifelong learning and for educating citizens who are able to transfer their knowledge into new contexts. In order to identify those CS, we selected a group of subjects and proposed them to carry out several tasks and to verbalize their strategic thinking. This verbalization is, together with the participant observation and the deep interviews applied to all the subjects, the key element so as to detect and analyze the CS employed.