Analysis of the level of information, habits and knowledge of university students about the importance and relationship of physical activity and oral health

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate university students' awareness, habits, and knowledge concerning the relationship between physical activity and oral health as part of overall well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 345 students from the University of East Sarajevo, comprising 132 males (38.26%) and 213 females (61.74%), aged 19 to 27. The survey included 20 closed-ended questions. Results revealed that 77.69% of participants were non-smokers, with every fifth participant reporting physical inactivity and 64.34% engaging in physical activity one to three times a week. A third of the students exercised for over 60 minutes, while 44.05% exercised for 15-45 minutes. Most respondents (53.91%) brushed their teeth twice daily, with 45.51% brushing for 2-3 minutes. Over half (55.36%) were aware of the positive effects of physical activity on both general and oral health. However, 26.96% were unaware that poor oral health could impact physical activity quality. Some students feared dental procedures (18.85%) or did not use supplementary oral hygiene products (10.72%). A smaller percentage (8.40%) would use performance-enhancing drugs, and 50.44% were unaware of their adverse effects on oral and overall health. Additionally, 28.92% did not know the importance of mouthguards in contact sports. While 42% knew that a knocked-out tooth can be reimplanted, only 30.14% knew how to do it. Most (89.28%) recognized the harmful effects of carbonated drinks on health. Over half (59.13%) changed their toothbrush every three months, and 49.86% visited the dentist only when necessary. The study concludes that students at the University of East Sarajevo have a commendable level of knowledge regarding the relationship between physical activity and oral health.