Setting qualitative performance parameters of elite surfing aerial manoeuvres with 360° rotation

Abstract

El objetivo fue analizar parámetros de maniobras aéreas de surf de alto nivel, apoyando el entrenamiento específico y la prevención de lesiones. Utilizando análisis de video de maniobras aéreas completadas porsurfistas masculinos de top-5en 19 eventos durante las temporadas 2018y 2019del World Championship Tour, se seleccionaron (n=97): Frontside Air, Frontside Air Reverse 360, Backside Air y Backside Air Reverse 360.Se trata de una investigación de métodomixto. Tiene un análisis de tarea cualitativo, realizado a través del análisisen fases, considerando características clave de las acciones corporales y principios de movimiento. A través de la metodologíaobservacional (nomotético, puntual y multidimensional) se midió laaltura del aéreo, el ancho del BoS y los ángulos de flexión de la rodilla y del tobillo delanteros.Las referencias en el análisis cualitativo fueron: rotación de cabeza y tronco, triple flexión de miembros inferiores (preparación) y máspronunciada en larecuperación; flexión de cabeza, tronco y brazos desde el despegue (preparación) hasta el pico del vuelo (principal) provocando el desplazamiento anterosuperior del CoM; ampliación de la BoS para aéreos frontales (principal). El análisiscuantitivo permitió identificarlamedia dela altura del aéreo (169,60±52,85cm), del ancho de la base de sustentación (BoS) (79,17±13,72cm), y de los ángulos de flexión de la rodilla (113,78±19,90º) y del tobillo(32,74±14,51º)delanteros durante el aterrizaje. El análisis descriptivo puede contribuir al desarrollo de programas de formación específicos para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, con el objetivo de mejorar el rendimiento de las maniobras aéreas

Purpose was to analyse parameters of high-level surfing aerial manoeuvres, supporting specific training and injury prevention. Using video analysis ofaerials completed by top-5male surfersin 19 events during 2018and 2019 seasonsof the World Championship Tour, were selected (n=97): Frontside Air, Frontside Air Reverse 360, Backside Air and Backside Air Reverse 360. This is a mixed method research. Has a qualitative task analysis, carried out through phaseanalysis, considering key features from body actions and principles of movement. Through observational methodology (nomothetic, single point and multidimensional)was measured the aerial height, theBoS width, and flexion angles of front knee and front ankle.Qualitative analysis references were: rotation of the head and trunk, triple-flexion of the lower limbs (retraction) and more pronounced in the follow-through; head, trunk, and arms flexion fromthe take-off (retraction) to the peak of the flight (action) causing the anterosuperior CoM displacement; widening of the BoS for frontside aerials (action). Quantitative analysis allowed to identify the mean of aerial height (169.60±52.85cm), of base of support (BoS) width (79.17±13.72cm), and flexion anglesof front knee (113.78±19.90º) and front ankle (32.74±14.51º) during landing.Descriptive analysis may contribute to the development of specific training programs for teaching and learning, aiming to improve performance of aerial manoeuvres

Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 23, 2(abril)Seixaset al.170Palabras clave: surf, análisis descriptivo, análisisenfases, rendimiento aéreo, metodología observacional.ABSTRACTPurpose was to analyse parameters of high-level surfing aerial manoeuvres, supporting specific training and injury prevention. Using video analysis ofaerials completed by top-5male surfersin 19 events during 2018and 2019 seasonsof the World Championship Tour, were selected (n=97): Frontside Air, Frontside Air Reverse 360, Backside Air and Backside Air Reverse 360. This is a mixed method research. Has a qualitative task analysis, carried out through phaseanalysis, considering key features from body actions and principles of movement. Through observational methodology (nomothetic, single point and multidimensional)was measured the aerial height, theBoS width, and flexion angles of front knee and front ankle.Qualitative analysis references were: rotation of the head and trunk, triple-flexion of the lower limbs (retraction) and more pronounced in the follow-through; head, trunk, and arms flexion fromthe take-off (retraction) to the peak of the flight (action) causing the anterosuperior CoM displacement; widening of the BoS for frontside aerials (action). Quantitative analysis allowed to identify the mean of aerial height (169.60±52.85cm), of base of support (BoS) width (79.17±13.72cm), and flexion anglesof front knee (113.78±19.90º) and front ankle (32.74±14.51º) during landing.Descriptive analysis may contribute to the development of specific training programs for teaching and learning, aiming to improve performance of aerial manoeuvres.Keywords:surfing, descriptive analysis, phase analysis, aerial performance, observational method.RESUMOO objetivo foi analisar parâmetros de manobras aéreas de surf de alto nível, dando suporte ao treino específico e à prevenção de lesões. Através da análisede vídeode manobras aéreas concluídaspor surfistas masculinos do top-5,em 19 eventos durante as temporadas 2018 e 2019do World Championship Tour, foram selecionados (n=97): Frontside Air, Frontside Air Reverse 360, Backside Air e Backside Air Reverse 360.Esteé um estudo com um método misto. Temos uma análise da tarefa qualitativa, realizada através da análise por fases, considerando as principais características das ações corporais e dos princípios do movimento.Através da metodologia observacional (nomotético, pontual e multidimensional) foi medida a altura do aéreo, a largura do BoS e os ângulos de flexão do joelho e do tornozelodianteiros. As referências da análise qualitativa foram: arotação de cabeça e tronco, tripla flexão dos membros inferiores (preparação) e mais acentuada na finalização; flexão da cabeça, tronco e braços desde a descolagem (preparação) até o pico do voo (ação principal) causando o deslocamento antero-superior do CoM; alargamento da BoS paraaéreos frontais (ação principal). A análise quantitativa permitiu identificar a média da altura do aéreo (169,60±52,85cm), da largura da base de sustentação (BoS) (79,17±13,72cm) e dos ângulos de flexão do joelho(113,78±19,90º) e tornozelo (32,74±14,51º)dianteiros durante a aterragem. A análise descritiva pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de programas de treino específicos para ensino e aprendizagem, visando melhorar o desempenho das manobras aéreas.