Publication: Altered expression of human endogenous retroviruses syncytin-1, syncytin-2 and their receptors in human normal and gestational diabetic placenta
Authors
Soygur, Bikem ; Sati, Leyla ; Demir, Ramazan
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-735
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Introduction: Syncytins belong to the Human
Endogenous Retrovirus family. The syncytin-1 receptor,
SLC1A5, and syncytin-2 receptor, MFSD2, interact with
their respective syncytin proteins to induce
syncytiotrophoblast formation. However, there is no
information about syncytins in gestational diabetic
placenta. Therefore, we studied the expression and
localization of syncytins and their receptors during
normal placental development and in gestational diabetic
placenta.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry and Western-blot
methods were performed with antibodies against
syncytin-1, syncytin-2, SLC1A5 and MFSD2 in human
first trimester placental tissues, normal term and
gestational diabetic placentas. Syncytin-1, syncytin-2
and MFSD2 mRNA transcripts were determined by qRTPCR in normal and diabetic term placentas.
Results: Cytoplasmic syncytin-1, syncytin-2,
SLC1A5 and MFSD2 immunoreactions were observed
in the trophoblastic layers in all placental samples. Some
of the stromal cells showed strong cytoplasmic punctate
staining. There were significantly weak syncytin-2 and
MFSD2 immunoreaction intensities in diabetic placentas
by ImageJ analysis, in parallel with decreased syncytin-2
and MFSD2 proteins in diabetic placentas by Westernblot. Protein expression of SLC1A5 increased
dramatically in early pregnancy compared to term
placenta. Syncytin-1, syncytin-2 and MFSD2 mRNA
transcripts showed similar relative expression pattern by
qRT-PCR.
Discussion: Syncytins were localized not only in
cytotrophoblast cells and the basement membrane of the
syncytiotrophoblast but also in the apical microvillous
membrane, cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblast, some of
the stromal cells and endothelium. Decreased syncytin-2
and MFSD2 proteins in gestational diabetic placentas
might cause abnormal syncytiotrophoblast formation and
possibly be involved in the pathology. Therefore, our
study highlights an important potential relationship
between syncytins and gestational diabetic placenta.
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