Publication: The effect of smartphone use in different body positions on upper limb kinematic variables
Authors
Kailani, Ghazi El ; Fattah, Osama Abdel ; Alhasasneh, Ala’a Alddin ; Atiyat, Khaled ; Azab, Mahmoud
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Publisher
Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.577851
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the values of certain kinematic variables during smartphone use in different body positions and to examine the differences in these values across positions. An analytical descriptive method was employed on a sample of 20 sports activity students from Tafila Technical University (age 20 ± 0.6 years; height 175 ± 2 cm; mass 70 ± 2kg). The study sample was videotaped using a Panasonic video camera at 50 frames per second in three different positions: sitting, standing, and walking. The video data were analyzed using the Kinovea program (version 0.8.27 x64). The results showed a large head flexion angle and a notable distance between the smartphone and the head. Furthermore, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the distance between the smartphone and the head and in the elbow angle, particularly favoring the sitting position. In contrast, no statistically significant differences were found for the head flexion angle and other study variables (p > 0.05), except for the elbow angle in the sitting position (p < 0.05). Smartphone use has been associated with negative effects that increase the load on the neck muscles and upper limbs, potentially leading to neck and shoulder pain as well as increased spinal curvature.
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Citation
Sport TK Vol. 14 (2025)
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