Publication: Sequential osseointegration from osseohealing to osseoremodeling - Histomorphological comparison of novel 3D porous and solid Ti-6Al-4V titanium implants
Authors
Frosch, Alice ; Krohn, Sebastian ; Buchhorn, Gottfried ; Lehmann, Wolfgang ; Frosch, Karl-Heinz ; Füzesi, László ; Frosch, Stephan
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-333
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed the
histological characteristics of osseointegration of an
open-porous Ti-6Al-4V material that was produced in a
space holder method creating a 3-D through-pores
trabecular design that mimics the inhomogeneity and
size relationships of trabecular bone in macro- as well as
microstructure. Pairs of cylindrical implants with a
porosity of 49% and an average pore diameter of 400
µm (PI) or equal sized solid, corundum blasted devices
(SI) as reference were bilaterally implanted press fit in
the lateral condyles of 16 rabbits. Histological
examination was performed after 4 weeks of short-term
osseohealing and 12 weeks of mid-term osseoremodeling and we summarized the criteria for
sequential osseointegration. After 4 weeks, osteoid had
already been largely replaced by mineralized woven
bone in both types of implants but was only represented
to a greater extent in the deeper pores of PI. The cortical
as well as trabecular region showed regular osseohealing
with excessive and spatially undirected formation of
immature woven bone. A dense bone mass was found in
the cortical area, while in the trabecular region the bone
mass was reduced distinctly, presenting large lacuna-like
recesses and a demarcating trabecular structure. The
pores near the implant surface contained more
mineralized woven bone than the deeper pores. After 12
weeks, the osseoremodeling was largely completed with
a physiological maturation to lamellar bone. The newly
formed bone mass increased for PI and SI compared to
the 4-week group and osteoid was only detectable in the
deeper pores. The inhomogeneous trabecular design of
the pores enables an excellent ingrowth of mineralized
lamellar bone after remodeling to a pore depth of 1800
µm, which proves a functional load transfer from the
surrounding bone into the implant. According to the
concept of osseointegration by Branemark and
Albrektsson, the histological evaluation confirms a
successful, superior osseointegration of the presented
porous properties improving long-term implant stability.
The presented study protocol allows an excellent
evaluation and comparison of the sequential
osseointegration from short-term osseohealing to midterm osseoremodeling.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology Vol. 36, nº7 (2021)
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