Publication: A diagnostic pitfall; small cell carcinoma-like features in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors
Ishida, Hirotaka ; Kasajima, Atsuko ; Yamauchi, Takuro ; Akaishi, Ryujiro ; Ueki, Shunsuke ; Taniyama, Yusuke ; Fujishima, Fumiyoshi ; Koike, Tomoyuki ; Kamei, Takashi ; King-yin Lam, Alfred ; Sasano, Hironobu
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-497
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Esophageal basaloid squamous cell
carcinoma may resemble small cell carcinoma biopsy
specimens and cause difficulties in pathology diagnosis.
We aimed to clarify the clinicopathological significance
of small cell carcinoma-like morphologies in basaloid
squamous cell carcinoma. Thirty biopsy specimens of
esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma were
reviewed and compared with 13 matched surgical
specimens. Small cell carcinoma-like features, such as
diffuse growth, nuclear molding, or nuclear crush
artifact, were identified in 80% (24/30) of the biopsies
and in 77% (10/13) of the surgery specimens, but in a
proportionally much smaller area in the surgical
specimens than in the biopsy samples. The presence of a
small cell carcinoma-like feature had no impact on
patients´ outcome. Immunohistochemically, synaptophysin and chromogranin A were consistently negative,
while CD56 was expressed in 42% (10/24) of basaloid
squamous cell carcinomas with small cell carcinoma-like
features. p16, a highly sensitive marker for small cell
carcinoma, was also expressed in 8% (2/24). p40 was
expressed in all cases of basaloid squamous cell
carcinoma. In conclusion, small cell carcinoma-like
features are frequent and conspicuous in biopsies, which
are probably caused by exogenous factors such as
friction and external pressure that occur in biopsy
procedure and in the tumor environment. Small cell
carcinoma-like features may lead to a misinterpretation
of a true small cell carcinoma, if CD56 is the only
neuroendocrine marker expressed. p16 expression may
also be detected in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology Vol. 38, nº2 (2023)
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