Publication: "Infarto de miocardio en pacientes jóvenes : factores de riesgo, características clínicas y estrategias de prevención"
Authors
Moreno Flores, María Alba
item.page.secondaryauthor
Escuelas::Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
item.page.director
Gea García, José Higinio de
Publisher
Universidad de Murca
publication.page.editor
publication.page.department
DOI
item.page.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Description
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Investigar los factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas y las posibles estrategias de prevención y manejo del infarto de miocardio (IAM) en pacientes menores de 45 años.
METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de aquellos pacientes que ingresaron en unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, del Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, con diagnóstico de IAM durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2017 a septiembre de 2022.
RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 187 pacientes menores de 45 años con diagnóstico de IAM. La edad media fue de 41,23 años y el índice de masa corporal medio fue 28,76 de Kg/m2. Hubo un mayor porcentaje de hombres, siendo un 76,5 % de sexo masculino. El factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente fue el hábito tabáquico, presente en un 75 % que ascendió al 93,5 % dentro de los menores de 35 años. Otros factores de riesgo frecuentes fueron los antecedentes familiares de cardiopatía isquémica (30,5 %), la dislipemia (27,7 %), hipertensión arterial (21,4 %) y la diabetes mellitus (12,9 %). El 69 % de los pacientes ingresaron por IAM con elevación del segmento ST, siendo el vaso afectado con mayor frecuencia la descendente anterior con un 42 %. Las mujeres presentaron una edad media mayor (42,4 años), mayor frecuencia de hipertensión (25 %) y diabetes mellitus (13,6 %), y una evolución clínica peor, con mayor frecuencia de insuficiencia cardíaca y shock cardiogénico. Los pacientes consumidores de drogas de abuso tuvieron una tasa de reingresos más elevada (44,19 %). La mortalidad en UCI fue del 4,7 %.
CONCLUSIONES: La incidencia de IAM en menores de 45 años en nuestra población fue del 12 %. El hábito tabáquico fue el principal factor de riesgo. Las mujeres presentan peor evolución clínica. Los consumidores de drogas de abuso tienen una tasa de reingreso mayor. La tasa de complicaciones en UCI fue baja incluida la mortalidad.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and possible prevention and management strategies for myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients under 45 years of age. METHODOLOGY: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital with a diagnosis of AMI from January 2017 to September 2022. RESULTS: A total of 187 patients under 45 years of age diagnosed with AMI were included. The mean age was 41.23 years, and the mean BMI was 28.76 kg/m2. There was a higher percentage of men, with 76.5% being male. The most common cardiovascular risk factor was smoking, present in 75% of patients and rising to 93.5% among those under 35 years of age. Other common risk factors were a family history of ischemic heart disease (30.5%), dyslipidemia (27.7%), high blood pressure (21.4%), and diabetes mellitus (12.9%). Sixty-nine percent of patients were admitted for ST-segment elevation AMI, with the most frequently affected vessel being the left anterior descending artery (42%). Women had an older mean age (42.4 years), a higher frequency of hypertension (25%) and diabetes mellitus (13.6%), and a worse clinical course, with a higher frequency of heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Patients who used drugs of abuse had a higher readmission rate (44.19%). ICU mortality was 4.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of AMI in patients under 45 years of age in our population was 12%. Smoking was the main risk factor. Women had a worse clinical outcome. Drug abusers had a higher readmission rate. The ICU complication rate was low, including mortality.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and possible prevention and management strategies for myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients under 45 years of age. METHODOLOGY: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital with a diagnosis of AMI from January 2017 to September 2022. RESULTS: A total of 187 patients under 45 years of age diagnosed with AMI were included. The mean age was 41.23 years, and the mean BMI was 28.76 kg/m2. There was a higher percentage of men, with 76.5% being male. The most common cardiovascular risk factor was smoking, present in 75% of patients and rising to 93.5% among those under 35 years of age. Other common risk factors were a family history of ischemic heart disease (30.5%), dyslipidemia (27.7%), high blood pressure (21.4%), and diabetes mellitus (12.9%). Sixty-nine percent of patients were admitted for ST-segment elevation AMI, with the most frequently affected vessel being the left anterior descending artery (42%). Women had an older mean age (42.4 years), a higher frequency of hypertension (25%) and diabetes mellitus (13.6%), and a worse clinical course, with a higher frequency of heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Patients who used drugs of abuse had a higher readmission rate (44.19%). ICU mortality was 4.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of AMI in patients under 45 years of age in our population was 12%. Smoking was the main risk factor. Women had a worse clinical outcome. Drug abusers had a higher readmission rate. The ICU complication rate was low, including mortality.
publication.page.subject
Citation
item.page.embargo
Collections
Ir a Estadísticas
Este ítem está sujeto a una licencia Creative Commons. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/