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Baño Alcaraz, Aitor

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Baño Alcaraz, Aitor
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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Fisioterapia
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Subject: Fibromyalgia ×

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    Physiotherapists' adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines in fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional online survey
    (Springer, 2024-06-05) Gacto Sánchez, Mariano Luis; Baño Alcaraz, Aitor; Ferrández‑Gómez, José Édgar; Nouni García, Rauf; Gascón Jaén, Jaime; Lozano Quijada, Carlos; Fisioterapia
    To evaluate the level of knowledge and adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines on fibromyalgia of physiotherapists in Spain. A cross-sectional study using an ad-hoc online survey was implemented to assess aspects on the assessment, treatment, and decision of the length of the therapeutic approach on fibromyalgia. Based on the results, professionals were classified as adherent, partially adherent, or non-adherent. The level of agreement with several statements on the condition was also evaluated across the professionals surveyed to evaluate the potential consensus. A total of 240 physiotherapists met inclusion criteria, amongst which 68 (28.33%) were adherent. The academic level of studies (Chi-square = 48.601, p-value = 0.001) and having had previous training in fibromyalgia (Chi-square = 151.011, p-value = 0.001) displayed statistically significant differences across adherence-based groups. Consensus was reached for 15 out of 24 statements. Our findings highlight the presence of an acceptable level of knowledge and adherence to clinical practice guidelines in the field of fibromyalgia among physiotherapists in Spain.Practice implicationsOur results also reveal the existence of an evidence-to-practice gap in the field, with potential room for improvement: further efforts on promoting and reinforcing the importance of evidence-based therapies are needed, from university teaching plans to clinical updates for daily practice.
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    Clinical practice guidelines in fibromyalgia. Physiotherapists’ adherence in Denmark: a cross-sectional web-based survey study
    (Springer, 2026-02-18) Fernández Gómez, José Édgar; Gacto Sánchez, Mariano Luis; Oertel Frederiksen, K.; Baño Alcaraz, Aitor; Fisioterapia; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
    Fibromyalgia is a widespread chronic condition. Although Clinical Practice Guidelines for fibromyalgia currently exist, their application in diagnostic and therapeutic settings faces significant implementation challenges across healthcare systems. This has led to a persistent gap between knowledge and clinical practice, a phenomenon yet to be explored in the Danish context. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the level of knowledge and adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines for fibromyalgia among Danish physical therapists, throughout a questionnaire consisting in the selection of the elements that they would consider for the adequate assessment, treatment, and expected duration of the therapeutic approach, to classify professionals as adherent, partially adherent, or non-adherent based on their selection of assessment and treatment components, and to evaluate their responses to 24 statements on a 5-point Likert scale reflecting their alignment with recommendations from Clinical Practice Guidelines. A total of 149 physiotherapists (mean age 39.26 ± 11.50, and gender-balanced) participated, amongst which 35 (23.49%) were classified as ‘adherent’, and 46 subjects (30.87%) were labelled as ‘partially adherent’ to Clinical Practice Guidelines. Participants’ assessment and therapeutic tools selection was generally aligned with the Clinical Practice Guidelines’ extolled recommendations, except for tender points examination and massage therapy. A number of 14 out of the 24 statements exceeded the predefined 70% agreement threshold. The current study reflects an adequate level of knowledge and adherence amongst physiotherapists in Denmark. Further research and targeted implementation strategies are needed to reduce the evidence-to-practice gap
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    Effects of a Self-Management Program for Temporomandibular Myalgia in Patients With Fibromyalgia: A Single-Arm Study
    (Elsevier, 2026-06-18) Ferrández Gómez, José Édgar; Baño Alcaraz, Aitor; Gacto Sánchez, Mariano Luis; Fisioterapia; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
    Purpose Myogenic temporomandibular disorder frequently co-occurs with fibromyalgia and is associated with pain, disability, and maladaptive pain cognitions. This study evaluated the short- and long-term effects of an online Pain Neuroscience Education-informed self-management program in individuals with fibromyalgia and myogenic temporomandibular disorder. Design Prospective single-arm clinical study. Methods Adults with fibromyalgia and myogenic temporomandibular disorder participated in a therapist-led online group self-management program consisting of three sessions integrating Pain Neuroscience Education, temporomandibular exercises, self-care strategies, and mindfulness. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-treatment (4 weeks), and 12-month follow-up. Pain intensity at rest and during maximum mouth opening were predefined as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included pain-related cognitions, pain neurophysiology knowledge, psychological symptoms, central sensitization, jaw function, oral health-related quality of life, and oral habits. Changes over time were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results A total of 107 participants were enrolled. Significant and sustained reductions were observed in temporomandibular pain during maximum mouth opening, whereas pain at rest did not change significantly. Significant, large, and sustained improvements were found in kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, and pain neurophysiology knowledge. Moderate short-term reductions were observed in anxiety, depression, and insomnia, but these were not maintained at 12 months. No significant changes were found in central sensitization, jaw functional limitation, oral health-related quality of life, or oral habits. Conclusions A brief online Pain Neuroscience Education-informed self-management program was associated with durable improvements in movement-evoked temporomandibular pain and pain-related cognitions in individuals with fibromyalgia and myogenic temporomandibular disorder. Clinical Implications A brief online self-management program incorporating Pain Neuroscience Education appears feasible for this population and may contribute to improvements in movement-evoked pain and pain-related cognitions. Controlled studies are needed to determine its clinical effectiveness.
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    Spanish cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the graded chronic pain scale revised for fibromyalgia
    (Elsevier, 2025-09-23) Ferrández Gómez, José Édgar; Gacto Sánchez, Mariano Luis; Baño Alcaraz, Aitor; Fisioterapia; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
    Background Chronic widespread pain represents one of the cornerstones in the definition of fibromyalgia. Pain severity can be measured through different instruments, among which the Graded Chronic Pain Scale represents an outstanding framework to assess pain. Its revised version (GCPS-R) has been recently created to adhere to the new paradigmatic definition of chronic pain. Despite the relevance and clinical impact of the GCPS-R, its validation into Spanish has not been performed yet. Objectives To develop a cross-cultural Spanish-language adaptation of the GCPS-R in a sample of patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Besides, we aimed to carry out an initial psychometric analysis of the questionnaire in this population. Methods An observational, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted among a sample of subjects with fibromyalgia. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the GCPS-R was performed, and the new version of the instrument was administered to patients with fibromyalgia. Construct validity was assessed by means of factor analysis, whilst internal consistency, convergent validity, and test–retest reliability were also performed. Results The sample analyzed consisted of 224 subjects overall. Factor 1 displayed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.711, whilst Factor 2 had an alpha value of 0.890. The convergent validity analysis performed on the pain-intensity subscale of the instrument yielded statistically significant and strong correlation coefficients (Pearson's r = 0.713; p-value < 0.001). Test–retest reliability yielded weighted Cohen's Kappa scores of 0.537 (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion The GCPS-R-SP represents a simple, easy to administrate, and clinically efficient measure with favorable psychometric properties, covering the level and the impact of chronic pain in subjects with fibromyalgia. ----------------------
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