Gómez López, Manuel

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Gómez López, Manuel

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Gómez López, Manuel

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte

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Open Access
Propuesta práctica ante la discapacidad. El uso del Tai chi y del Qigong.
(Murcia : Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2011) Carrillo Vigueras, Jesús; Vílchez Conesa, P.; Gómez López, Manuel
En el presente trabajo se valoran las posibilidades del Qigong en personas con movilidad reducida en los miembros inferiores, con el objetivo fundamental de mejorar la calidad de vida de estas personas. Presentamos una propuesta práctica formada por ejercicios sencillos, que justifica y adapta el Qigong a una población especial, como lesionados medulares, parapléjicos, hemipléjicos o cualquier patología limitadora de la marcha, ya sea en el hogar o en el hospital. La instrucción en el autocuidado es la parte esencial de este trabajo con personas adultas. Los resultados obtenidos en las diferentes experiencias que se han realizado han supuesto un fortalecimiento muscular y sobre todo un cambio en la actitud y calidad de vida de las personas.
Open Access
Stress regulation, physical activity, and perseverance in spanish teenagers with perfectionist trends
(MDPI, 2018-05-09) González Hernández, Juan; Muñoz Villena, Antonio Jesús; Gómez López, Manuel; Actividad Física y Deporte
Stress as an emotional response with adaptive function can obstruct both academic performance and psychosocial and physiological functioning when it is recurrent, persistent, and intense. Individual characteristics and regular physical activity produce differences in ways of coping with pressure situations, stressing the necessity of teenagers handling them in an effective way for their psychological adjustment and well-being. The purpose of this investigation was to identify how the frequency of physical activity and the influence of certain personality traits (perfectionism and perseverance) moderate stress. The sample was composed of 127 teenage students; tests were administered to measure perfectionism, perseverance, perceived stress, including an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire. The results show that particular conditions/skills have a moderating effect on stress perception in students with perfectionist maladaptive tendencies. Training in perseverance allows students to develop resources for handling stress, making it possible to achieve personal standards as well as adapt to one’s context.
Open Access
Motor differentiation`s and cognitive skill in pre-scholar age
(Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2019) Alesi, Marianna; Bianco, Antonino; Gómez López, Manuel
Little research has been produced about literacy readiness in Kindergarten children at risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), despite this age being one of the most important epoch of motor and cognitive development. In this study we compared pre-literacy skills in Kindergarten children at risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) with Typically Developing (TD) children. Participants were 26 Italian children, who had a mean age of 5.1 years, 13 at risk for DCD and 13 TD attending kindergarten schools. Pre-literacy abilities were measured trough tasks derived by the Italian PRCR-2 battery: Semi-circles (A and B), Letter identification and Object Naming Time. Children at risk for DCD showed worse performance on all these pre-literacy assessments compared to TD children. Significant differences were found between children at risk for DCD and TD children on tasks of visual memory of printed signs, visual analysis ability, visual discrimination and attention and sequentiality of eye movements. Findings suggest the need to implement pre-school cognitively challenging motor activities programs to enhance manual dexterity, aiming and catching skills as well as static and dynamic balance at early age.
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Importancia de las metodologías activas en la educación física: revisión sistemática sobre las metodologías para el fomento de la autonomía
(Dykinson, 2023) Gómez López, Manuel; Jiménez Parra, José Francisco; Manzano Sánchez, David; Martins, Paulo; Actividad Física y Deporte
Open Access
Impulsiveness and cognitive patterns. Understanding the perfectionistic responses in spanish competitive junior athletes
(Frontiers Media SA, 2019-07-16) González Hernández, Juan; Capilla Díaz, Concepción; Gómez López, Manuel; Actividad Física y Deporte
Introduction: High performance sport requires that the athletes maintain a constant intensity and control of their personal resources, as well as a balance between self-regulation and performance. Likely, such requirements involve the influence of their beliefs regarding the tasks to be performed to improve the confidence in their own resources to face the competition. Theoretical arguments provide new insights for understanding multidimensional perfectionism and its relationships with other variables such as affective experiences, among others. In this study, perfectionism was conceptualized as a “stable personality disposition,” whereas the impulsiveness components were defined as “representing psychological mechanisms (or processes)” underlying the relationships between perfectionism and athletic experiences. Aim: This study aims to establish and show profiles of perfectionist beliefs and impulsive responses according to sport modality and the relationships between all these variables. Team athletes were expected to show more functional resources than those in combat or endurance sports. Methods: The psychological responses of 487 athletes (273 boys; 214 girls) practicing high-performance sport were examined. A non-randomized, cross-sectional design was used. Self-reports were used to measure impulsiveness, perfectionism and competence self-perceptions. Results: Athletes with functional responses of impulsivity and perfectionism showed higher perceived self-competence. Athletes with more reflective thoughts, more careful planning and generally less sensitive to rewards and behaviors were more self-regulated and planned (functional impulsivity) and showed more moderate relationships between the most dysfunctional perfectionist beliefs and self-competence. In addition, perfectionism seems to be useful to the striver athletes that want to be the best, and they are focused on and committed to future goals and performance and self-improvement. It is important for coaches and athletes to understand how the processes of self-regulation (impulsivity) and self-knowledge (perfectionism) could be formed to try to offer better opportunities for building psychological resources that enhance high-performance mental abilities.
Open Access
Design and validation of a tool to evaluate CLIL in Physical Education sessions
(Universidad de Granada, 2022-01) Martínez Hita, Francisco José; Granero Gallegos, Antonio; Gómez López, Manuel; Actividad Física y Deporte
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue la validación de un cuestionario de Evaluación de Sesiones de Educación Física a través de AICLE (CESEFA). Se trata de uno de los primeros instrumentos para la evaluación de AICLE en sesiones de Educación Física cuyo diseño cuantitativo de carácter descriptivo se ha basado en los hallazgos más recientes de la literatura científica. Se llevó a cabo una evaluación por expertos para la confirmación y redacción de los ítems seleccionados con una concordancia entre ellos del ,73 en el índice Kappa. Para su validación se utilizó una muestra de 146 (V=87 y M=59) docentes de Educación Física, un análisis exploratorio y un análisis factorial confirmatorio que apoyó la estructura factorial de tres dimensiones del instrumento. El cuestionario tiene una validez aparente y un buen nivel de consistencia permitiendo su extrapolación a otros contextos. Además, puede ser una buena herramienta para la guía y autoevaluación del profesorado de Educación Física bilingüe que utiliza AICLE en sus clases.
Open Access
The creativity-spontaneity process in sports: case study from the coach's perspective
(Dykinson, 2023) Martins, Paulo; Preto, Luis; Manzano Sánchez, David; Gómez López, Manuel; Actividad Física y Deporte
Open Access
A cluster analysis of high-performance female team players’ perceived motivational climate: Implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour
(2022-12-06) Abraldes Valeiras, José Arturo; Conte Marín, Luis; Manzano Sánchez, David; Gómez López, Manuel; Sánchez-Alcaraz Martínez, Bernardino Javier; Actividad Física y Deporte
High performance sport for females is an area which is gaining more and more relevance today, but which hasn’t received the same research interest as sport for males. The aim of the present study was to analyse the motivational climate perceived by high performance female athletes and the implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour and check the differences according category, sport experience and training hours in performance and master climate. The participants were 615 female athletes who practice top level team sports, with ages comprised of 16 to 38 (M = 22,10; SD = 4,91). The sample consisted of two different categories: junior (n = 242) and senior (n = 373). These players participated in different team sports, specifically football, handball, basketball and volleyball, training between 6 and 24 hours a week (M = 8,34; DT = 4,33). The variables measured were: perceived motivational climate in sport, autonomous behaviour and perceived motor competence. A cluster analysis was carried out using, as a variable, the perceived motivational climate, and showing the existence of two profiles, one related to ego and the other to task. The multivariate analysis showed that the profile orientated towards the task had significant differences compared to the autonomous behaviour (M = 4.66 vs M = 3.41). At the same time an analysis was carried out looking at different social demographic variables, revealing how there were differences in the sports experience (those participants with more than ten years’ experience were more orientated towards ego, compared to those with less than ten years’ experience) and the category (junior athletes were more orientated towards the task, compared to senior athletes). It was concluded that a greater orientation towards the task can lead to an improvement in the perception of motor competence, with the youngest and least experienced athletes being the most prominent in this category.
Open Access
Motivated and without Fear of Failure: The Strength of Basic Psychological Needs in Youth Spanish Athletes in Team Sports
(Sciendo, 2023) González Hernández, Juan; Gómez López, Manuel; Manzano Sánchez, David; Valero Valenzuela, Alfonso; Actividad Física y Deporte
Connecting desires for achievement, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the perception of fear of failure is one of the most relevant questions in the understanding of negative mental responses in youth athletes. How to act with less fear is what every athlete seeks to feel to enhance their performance actions. This paper aims to shed light on a sample of 681 members of sports teams belonging to different Spanish clubs (391 boys and 290 girls), with a mean age of 16.2 years, and a high sports dedication (75.5% > 5 years of experience; 96.3% > two training sessions/week; 90.3% > 3 hours of training/week). The collected data used self-reports based on the tenets of achievement motivation, SelfDetermination Theory, and fear of failure. Those aspects linked to task involvement were positively close to Basic Psychological Needs (BPNs), while those related to ego involvement moved away from task involvement and BPNs. Fear was associated positively and significantly only with ego, and negatively with the rest of the constructs. In the standardized direct effect, positive and significant associations were observed among all constructs except between an ego-involving climate and basic psychological needs satisfaction. The association between a task-involving climate and BPNs was significant in fostering relationships among group members, as well as in improving interpersonal cohesion, empathic understanding processes, and reducing fear of failure in youth athletes.
Open Access
El Taiji Quan y Qigong en la promoción de la salud y en el afrontamiento del estrés
(Universidad de Murcia, 2017) Carrillo, Jesús; Gómez López, Manuel; Vicente Nicolás, Gregorio
El ejercicio y la actividad física mejoran la salud psicológica y fí- sica de los usuarios. Sin embargo, pocas veces se han examinado los efectos cuantitativos del Tai Chi Chuan en los sistemas cardiovascular, locomotor, mental, cognitivo y psicosocial entre otros. Se revisaron sistemáticamente los efectos sobre el estrés, la presión arterial y el riesgo cardiopulmonar, la capacidad respiratoria y su incidencia sobre patologías de este sistema, el equilibrio, la elasticidad muscular sobre el sistema locomotor, la ansiedad, la depresión y trastornos del estado de ánimo en las poblaciones orientales y occidentales. Se han considerado 53 estudios con una muestra de 5.875 sujetos y 13 meta análisis. Hay que resaltar que el Tai Chi parece estar asociado con mejoras en la gran mayoría de los sistemas que analizan los autores pero destaca el bienestar psicológico, incluyendo la reducción del estrés, ansiedad, depresión así como las mejoras a nivel musculo esquelético. Las conclusiones deinitivas son limitadas debido a la variación en los diseños, los resultados diversos y los controles incorrectos de calidad. Son necesarios más ensayos aleatorios que garanticen la evidencia.