Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier

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Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier

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Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias

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Polyamines in human breast milk for preterm and term infants
(Cambridge University Press, 2013-01-03) Rodríguez Palmero, María; Rivero, María; Bosch, Vicente; Nadal, José María; Zamora, Salvador; Larqué, Elvira; Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier; Sabater Molina, María; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Maternal milk is the first source of exogenous polyamines for the newborn. Polyamines modulate gut maturation in neonates, but no studies are available on polyamine concentration in human milk of preterm babies, even though they could be important for their immature gut. The present study aimed to determine polyamine concentration in human breast milk of mothers with preterm or term infants during the first month of lactation. Human milk samples were obtained during the first month of lactation from twenty-seven mothers with preterm babies and twelve mothers with babies born at term. The polyamine concentration in human milk was quantified by HPLC. During the first month of lactation, the total polyamine concentration was significantly higher in preterm milk than in term milk samples (7590 (SD 4990) v. 4660 (SD 4830) nmol/l, respectively (P ¼ 0·034)), as well as individual polyamine concentrations. Polyamine concentration in mature milk for preterm babies was significantly higher than that in mature milk for babies at term, and a similar trend was observed in colostrum and transition human milk. The spermidine/spermine ratio was higher in transition milk in preterm v. term samples, while in mature milk, the ratio was significantly lower in preterm than in term babies. In conclusion, the polyamine concentration was significantly higher in human milk for preterm than for term infants. This and the different spermidine/spermine ratios could influence the gut development of premature babies.
Open Access
Homogenization of lessons and materials in different teaching units in obstetrics and gynecology: a quasi- experimental study
(Universidad de Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Cuerva, Marcos Javier; Antolín, Eugenia; Armijo, Onica; Sanz, Raquel; Usandizaga, Ramón; Pérez-Medina, Tirso; Bartha, José Luis; Zapardiel, Ignacio; Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier; Sin departamento asociado
Objective: To evaluate the impact of standardizing lessons and materials across different teaching units in obstetrics and gynecology on students’ satisfaction, perceived exam preparation adequacy, and the necessity for content standardization. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted over two semesters with fourth-year medical students. In the first semester, faculty members from four teaching units independently designed their lessons and materials. In the second semester, standardized teaching materials were implemented across all units. Student perceptions were assessed through surveys measuring content relevance, satisfaction, exam preparation adequacy, and perceived discrepancies in teaching materials. Results: A total of 180 students participated in the first semester, and 184 in the second semester. Students in the first semester, where faculty had autonomy, reported higher satisfaction and a better perception of exam preparation adequacy (80.0 vs. 72.5, p < 0.001). The percentage of students perceiving discrepancies in teaching materials decreased after standardization (63.3% vs. 57.6%, p = 0.264). However, the proportion of students considering standardization necessary declined significantly (94.4% vs. 57.1%, p < 0.001). Additionally, nine students in the second semester rated satisfaction below 5, compared to none in the first semester (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The study suggests that while standardization improves content consistency, it may reduce student satisfaction and perceived exam preparation adequacy. A rigid standardization model may not fully address students' learning needs. A hybrid approach, balancing standardization with faculty autonomy, could optimize educational outcomes in medical training.
Open Access
Alfabetización de medicamentos en farmacia comunitaria : preferencias, barreras y facilitadores de la información farmacoterapéutica
(2016-03-03) Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier; Carrillo de Albornoz, Eduardo Osuna; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Introducción La alfabetización en medicamentos es la habilidad de las personas para acceder, de forma segura y apropiada, entender y actuar sobre la información básica de la medicación. El cuestionario MedLitRxSE evalúa la capacidad de los pacientes para acceder, entender y actuar de forma segura y adecuada sobre la información básica de los tratamientos farmacológicos. El término Información del Medicamento está asociado al profesional sanitario, es un sistema de conocimientos y técnicas que va a permitir la comunicación de datos y experiencias sobre medicamentos para promover el uso racional por la sociedad y que permiten la transmisión de conocimientos en interés del paciente. Un conocimiento de las barreras y los facilitadores, percibidos y reales, desde el punto de vista de los consumidores sobre la información del medicamento es necesario para el desarrollo de estrategias y políticas para promocionar un incremento en el uso y una mejor integración de la información en la práctica diaria. Objetivos Objetivo General Conocer y analizar distintos aspectos de la gestión de la información de los medicamentos de la farmacia comunitaria. Objetivos específicos Conocer las preferencias del paciente para recibir la información del medicamento. Identificar las barreras y facilitadores para la obtención de la información de los medicamentos. Conocer la alfabetización en salud (numérica y documental) de los usuarios en farmacias comunitarias. Identificar los factores asociados a la alfabetización en medicamentos. Metodología Estudio de tipo observacional descriptivo transversal. El estudio se llevó a cabo en dos farmacias comunitarias de la Región de Murcia, una farmacia rural y una farmacia urbana. Se realizó un muestreo de los usuarios que acudieron a cualquiera de las dos farmacias comunitarias, del mes de junio de 2014 al mes de abril de 2015, que adquiriera un medicamento, con o sin receta, del sistema nacional de salud, de otras mutualidades o con receta privada. Para medir la alfabetización en medicamento se utilizó la encuesta MedLitRxSE registrando la alfabetización en prosa, la alfabetización documental, y la alfabetización numérica. Posteriormente se realizaron una serie de preguntas a los usuarios para determinar las preferencias para recibir la información del medicamento e identificar las barreras y facilitadores para la obtención de la información del medicamento. Resultados Participaron en el estudio 400 usuarios. La media de puntuación del MedLitRxSE total fue 10,30±3,41. Un 34,1% de los usuarios refleja una buena alfabetización. Un 62,75% presenta problemas con la alfabetización documental, y un 43,25% tiene dificultades con la alfabetización numérica. Los factores predictivos asociados a tener una buena alfabetización total en medicamentos fueron tener unos ingresos económicos entre 18.000 y 100.000€ al año, tener estudios universitarios y tener menos de 35 años. Los usuarios prefieren recibir información de los profesionales sanitarios, hablada y escrita, junto con el prospecto. Las barreras principales que se encuentran están relacionadas con el tiempo y la actitud del profesional sanitario. Una actitud proactiva por parte del paciente puede facilitar el acceso a la información del medicamento. Conclusiones El instrumento MedLit confirma que se trata de una herramienta estructurada, fácil de completar por los usuarios y que ha demostrado su utilidad para evaluar los conocimientos, las habilidades y destrezas en el manejo de los medicamentos. La alfabetización total en medicamentos, numérica y documental es menor en pacientes con más edad, menor nivel de estudios, e ingresos más bajos. Padecer una enfermedad crónica y el mayor consumo de medicamentos crónicos se asocia significativamente a una menor alfabetización total en medicamentos. Los profesionales de la salud son la fuente de información preferida por los encuestados, frente a la información contenida en los prospectos sobre la encontrada en internet. SUMMARY Introduction Health literacy in medication is an individual’s ability to obtain basic medicines information in a safe and appropriate manner, to understand it and to act accordingly. The MedLitRxSE survey evaluates patients’ capacity to obtain basic medicines information, understand it and proceed in a safe and adequate manner. The term Medicines Information is linked to health care professionals. It’s a system of knowledge and techniques which enable an exchange of medicines data and experiences in order to promote rational use amongst consumers and which facilitates knowledge-transfer in the patient’s interest. An understanding of perceived and actual medicines information barriers and facilitators from the consumer’s point of view is necessary in developing strategies and policies for promoting increased use and improved information integration in day-to-day practice. Aims General aim Understand and analyse different aspects of medicines information management in community pharmacies. Specific aims Understand patient preferences regarding reception of medicines information. Identify barriers and facilitators in obtaining medicines information. Understand numerical and information health literacy amongst community pharmacy users. Identify factors linked to medicines literacy. Methodology An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. The study took place in two community pharmacies in the Region of Murcia (Spain): one in a rural location and another in an urban location. Sampling was carried out amongst users of either of the two community pharmacies between June 2014 and April 2015 and who purchased medicines (whether with or without a prescription) from the national health system, from other health care service providers or using a private prescription. In order to measure medication literacy, the MedLitRxSE survey was used. This survey covered literacy in prose, information literacy and numerical literacy. Following this, the users were asked a number of questions in order to determine preferences when receiving medicines information and to identify barriers and facilitators for obtaining medicines information. Results Four hundred (400) people participated in the study. The average score for the entire MedLitRxSE was 10.30±3,41. Good literacy levels were observed in 34.1% of participants. Information literacy difficulties were observed in 62.75% of participants and 43.25% had difficulties with numerical literacy. The overall predictive factors associated with good literacy in medication were financial annual income of between €18,000 and €100,000, higher education studies and an age of at least 35 years. Participants prefer to receive written and spoken information from health professionals, along with the patient information leaflet. The main barriers encountered are those related to time restraints and attitude amongst health care professionals. A proactive attitude amongst patients is helpful in terms of aiding access to medicines information. Conclusions MedLit is a structured, easy-to-complete assessment tool for users and its utility when evaluating understanding, skills and dexterity in medicines handling has been confirmed. Overall numerical and information medicines literacy is lower in older, less educated patients with a lower income. Suffering from a chronic illness and a greater consumption of chronic medication has a marked association with lower overall medicines literacy. Health care professionals were identified as the preferred source of information amongst participants compared with the patient information leaflet, followed by information found on the internet.
Embargo
Effects of dietary polyamines at physiologic doses in early-weaned piglets
(Elsevier, 2009-01-22) Larqué, Elvira; Torrella, Francisco; Muñoz, Antonio; Zamora, Salvador; Lozano Parejo, Teresa; Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier; Sabater Molina, María; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Objective: Polyamines are essential for many cell functions, and they form part of the composition of maternal milk; despite this, their addition to infant formulas is currently under evaluation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of milk formulas designed to resemble sow milk supplemented with polyamines at maternal physiologic milk doses on the gut maturation of early-weaned piglets. Methods: We fed 30 newborn piglets with maternal milk (n=10), a control milk formula (n=10), or a milk formula supplemented with polyamines (5 nmol/mL of spermine and 20 nmol/mL of spermidine, n=10) for 13 d (day 2 after birth through day 15). Several growth and intestinal development parameters were measured. Results: The piglets fed the formula containing polyamine at physiologic doses showed significantly increased crypt depth in the small intestine compared with those fed with the control formula. Villus length was correlated to crypt depth. Although there were no differences in the disaccharidase activities between the animals fed the two formulas, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities tended to be higher in the jejunum of those fed the polyamine-supplemented diet. Dietary polyamines did not significantly modify the gut mucosal concentrations of putrescine, spermine, or spermidine. Conclusion: Milk formulas supplemented with polyamines at maternal milk physiologic doses slightly enhanced gut growth and maturation in neonatal piglets.
Open Access
Age and education as factors associated with medication literacy: a community pharmacy perspective
(BMC, 2020-11-25) Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Plaza Zamora, Francisco Javier; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Background: Aging implies a higher prevalence of chronic pathologies and a corresponding increase in medication. The correct adherence and use of the medication are prerequisites for reducing risks of disease progression, comorbidity, and mortality. Medication literacy (ML) is the specific ability to safely access and understand the information available concerning medication, and to act accordingly. Currently, there are few specific instruments that ascertain the extent of ML in the general population. The aim of this work was to analyse ML in a large cohort of pharmacy customers. Methods: A total of 400 community pharmacy clients were analyzed to assess the level of ML (documental and numeracy) through the validated MedLitRxSE tool. Results: The results showed that out of a total of 400 community pharmacy clients only 136 (34%) had an adequate degree of ML, while the rest of the clients (n = 264; 66%) were adjudged not to have this ability. Statistically significant differences were found between the different age groups in terms of ML (P < 0.001; OR = 0.312; 95% CI: 0.195–0.499), the 51–65 and >65-year age groups having a lower frequency of adequate ML (23.5 and 7.1%, respectively) than the rest of the age groups. A statistically significant increase in adequate ML was observed as the academic level of the clients increased (P < 0.001; OR = 15.403; 95% CI: 8.109–29.257). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed the influence of both variables on ML. Conclusions: An inadequate ML level was found in community pharmacy clients over the age of 51, and also in those with primary or non-formal studies. Our data add to our knowledge about ML, and should pharmacists and other health professionals to adopt new strategies to prevent, or at least reduce, errors in taking medicines, thus avoiding the undesirable effects of any misuse.