Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido

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Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido

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Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Economía Aplicada

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Open Access
El género como variable moderadora de los resultados académicos en la enseñanza universitaria
(Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Asociación Euro-Americana de Estudios del Desarrollo Económico., 2014) Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Gómez Gallego, María; Pérez Cárceles, María Concepción ; Palazón-Pérez de los Cobos, Alfonso ; Gómez García, Juan; Atención Sociosanitaria; Facultad de Ciencias Sociosanitarias (Lorca)
El rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios viene determinado por múltiples factores, institucionales, relacionados con el profesor o con el alumno. En este trabajo se investiga la relación de dependencia de los resultados académicos de los alumnos con el género y otras variables relativas a la calidad de la docencia. El estudio es de tipo transversal y exploratorio. La muestra está constituida por 2675 estudiantes de grado y 60 profesores de la UCAM. Se concluye que existe asociación positiva y explicativa entre calidad de la docencia y del aprendizaje con las calificaciones obtenidas por los alumnos. Además, las alumnas obtienen mejores calificaciones y un aprendizaje de más calidad que los alumnos.
Open Access
Eficiencia y productividad de los sistemas de salud de los países de la Unión Europea
(Editorial Universidad de Almería, 2019-10-08) García García, Javier Fernándo; Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Economía Aplicada
En el presente trabajo se evalúa y analiza la eficiencia técnica en la gestión de los sistemas de salud de 28 países de la Unión Europea. Tal análisis, supone la estimación de la eficiencia técnica, el cálculo de la cross-eficiencia y la valoración del cambio en productividad entre los años 2012 a 2015. Los datos proceden de la base on line Eurostat. Se aplica el DEA-bootstrap y se calculan los índices de Malmquist. Los resultados afirman que los países de la UE han experimentado un pequeño crecimiento de la productividad en los sistemas de salud en el periodo 2012-2015, que se asocia a un cambio positivo en la eficiencia, pero no a mejoras en la tecnología. Son necesarios estudios adicionales que investiguen sobre qué factores observables o latentes de los países sirven para explicar los niveles de productividad de los sistemas de salud de los países de la Unión Europea.
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The Efficiency and Effectiveness of Health Systems in Response of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Good Governance and Economic Freedom Effects
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2025-10-01) Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Gómez García, Juan; Gómez Gallego, María; Atención Sociosanitaria; Juan Evangelista Trinidad Segovia; Catalina B. García-García; Salvador Cruz Rambaud; Facultad de Ciencias Sociosanitarias (Lorca)
The pandemic generated by COVID-19 has affected the way of life of citizens of all countries of the world and in all areas of society. Although the health crisis has been global, the different contexts and different national responses implemented by Governances have had heterogeneous results. In order to find evidence associated with better performance of Governance decisions to reduce the impact of a similar pandemic, we calculate the efficiency levels in the management of health resources in two periods. The first, prior to COVID-19 and the second in the pandemic years. In addition, we analyze to what extent good governance and economic freedom can condition the effective management of pandemic.
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Environmental factors affecting European and Central Asian health-systems’ bias-corrected efficiency
(Routledge. Taylor and Francis Group, 2017-12-29) Pérez Cárceles, María Concepción; Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Economía Aplicada
Health expenditures comprise a large part of national incomes, which explains the growing interest of government agencies in establishing efficient control and management policies in the current context of economic difficulties. One of the main problems in efficiency analysis is to determine the environmental variables that have an impact on the production process. In particular, employing data on the European and Central Asian health systems, the article demonstrates that bias corrected Data Envelopment Analysis is most appropriate measuring efficiency than traditional Data Envelopment Analysis. Bias correction, implies a higher potential resources reduction, affects the ranking of health systems and allows variables influencing efficiency which would be undiscovered with non-corrected estimation. The second stage determines that lifestyle factors, policy organization and location of countries affect the efficiency results and cause differences among the countries. The contribution of these results is particularly useful facing the decision making by governments. Their strategies should be oriented to implementing active policies to struggle against smoking and promoting health policies aimed at increasing the level of immunization in order to be more effective improving management efficiency.
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Sex moderates the relationship of stress and perceived social support with neuropsychological symptoms among community-dwelling persons with Alzheimer disease in Spain
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2021-12) Gómez Gallego, María; Gallego-Mellado, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Gómez García, Juan; Economía Aplicada
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, especially in women. Stress and stress-vulnerability factors (eg, poor social support) may trigger NPS. This cross-sectional study (n=196) aimed to examine the moderating effect of sex on the relationships between both perceived social support and salivary cortisol levels and NPS of AD patients. Only in women, greater cortisol levels were associated with higher scores in Neuropsychiatric Inventory mood, agitation, and frontal subscales whereas higher Psychosocial Support Questionnaire scores were related to lower scores in Neuropsychiatric Inventory mood and psychosis subscales. Given the relevance that sex differences might have on the design of preventive strategies, present findings should be confirmed in longitudinal studies.
Open Access
Evaluation of the efficiency of european health systems using fuzzy data envelopment analysis
(MDPI, 2021-09-26) García García, Javier Fernándo; Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Faura Martínez, Úrsula; Economía Aplicada
Abstract: Many studies that assess efficiency in health systems are based on output mean values. That approach ignores the representativeness of the average statistic, which can become a serious problem in estimation. To solve this question, this research contributes in three different ways: the first aim is to evaluate the technical efficiency in the management of European health systems considering a set of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and FDEA (Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis) models. A second goal is to assess the bias in the estimation of efficiency when applying the conventional DEA. The third objective is the evaluation of the statistical relationship between the bias in the efficiency estimation and the macroeconomic variables (income inequality and economic freedom). The main results show positive correlations between DEA and FDEA scores. Notwithstanding traditional DEA models overestimate efficiency scores. Furthermore, the size of the bias is positively related to income inequality and negative with economic freedom in the countries evaluated.
Open Access
Identifying students at risk to academic dropout in Higher Education
(MDPI, 2021-08-12) Palazón Perez de los Cobos, Alfonso; Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Economía Aplicada
A main goal of the university institution should be to reduce the desertion of its students, in fact, the dropout rate constitutes a basic indicator in the accreditation processes of university centers. Thus, evaluating the cognitive functions and learning skills of students with an increased risk of academic failure can be useful for the adoption of strategies for preventing and reducing school dropout. In this research, cognitive functions and learning skills in 284 university students were evaluated. Academic performance predictors were identified, and conglomerates analysis was carried out to establish groups according to those variables. The stability and validity of the conglomerates were tested with discriminant analyzes and comparison tests. The variables associated significantly to academic performance were: attention, intelligence, motivation, metacognition and affective components. The conglomerate analysis suggested a three-group solution: (1) students with cognitive skills of moderate to high, but deficient learning strategies; (2) students with cognitive and learning capabilities of moderate to high; (3) students with cognitive functions low and moderate learning capacity. Students from groups 1 and 3 showed worse academic performance; 83.3% of students at risk of desertion belonged to such groups. Two groups of students have been identified with the highest risk of academic failure: those with poor cognitive capacity and those with bad learning skills.
Open Access
Predictors of caregiver burden of patients with Alzheimer disease attending day-care centres
(MDPI, 2021-10-12) Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Economía Aplicada
Nowadays, there are plenty of programs and resources to prevent caregiver burden of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In spite of that, many caregivers suffer high levels of burden and stress, which leads to an earlier institutionalization of patients. This study aimed to explore the predictors of burden in relative caregivers of patients attending day-care centers and the moderating role of caregiver kinship in these associations. A sample of a hundred and two patient–caregiver dyads was recruited. Burden was measured with a Zarit Burden Interview. Measures of patients’ cognition, insight, depression, behavioral disturbances, functional ability and overall physical health were considered as predictors. We found that apathy, irritability and delusions and, patients’ mobility are the main determinants of caregivers’ burden. The strength of relationship between delusions and irritability was higher in spouse caregivers. Interventions to reduce burden should be adapted to the specific needs of a particular type caregiver.
Open Access
Comparative efficacy of active group music intervention versus group music listening in Alzheimer’s disease
(MDPI, 2021-07-30) Gómez Gallego, María; Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Gallego-Mellado, María; García-García, Javier; Economía Aplicada
Background: Music interventions are promising therapies for the management of symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Globally, music interventions can be classified as active or receptive depending on the participation of the subjects. Active and receptive music tasks engage different brain areas that might result in distinctive clinical effects. This study aims to compare the clinical effects of two types of music interventions and a control activity. Methods: Ninety AD patients from six nursing homes participated in the study. Nursing homes were randomly and blindly assigned to receive either active music intervention, receptive music intervention, or the usual care. Effects on cognition, behaviour, daily living activities, and motor function were assessed. Results: Active music intervention improved cognition, behaviour, and functional state in a higher extent than both receptive music intervention and usual care. The effect size of active music intervention for cognitive deficits and behavioural symptoms was large (η2 = 0.62 and 0.61, respectively), while for functional state, it was small-to-medium sized (η2 = 0.18). Receptive music intervention had a stabilizing effect on behavioural symptoms compared to control intervention (mean change from baseline ± standard deviation = −0.76 ± 3.66 and 3.35 ± 3.29, respectively). In the active music intervention, the percentage of patients who showed improvement in cognitive deficits (85.7), behavioural symptoms (92.9), and functional state (46.4) was higher than in both receptive listening (11.8, 42.9, and 14.3, respectively) and control group (6.3, 12.2, and 17.1, respectively). Conclusions: Active music intervention is useful to improve symptoms of AD and should be prescribed as a complement to the usual treatment.
Open Access
The relation between the index of economic freedom and good governance with efficiency of the European Structural Funds
(Elsevier, 2022-04-21) Gómez Gallego, Juan Cándido; Moreno Enguix, María del Rocío; Gómez Gallego, María; Economía Aplicada, ; Atención Sociosanitaria
This research evaluates the management efficiency of the European Structural Funds according to whether their productive orientation is based on employment or on economic and social development. The data refers to 2000–2020 for the 28 EU countries. The paper includes an analysis of the influence of the country's governance and economic freedom on the production function associated with the funds received. The results show that there is a technological gap between groups of countries defined by their goodness of governance. On the other hand, there is a positive relationship of economic freedom and the efficiency scores of the countries.