Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier

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Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier

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Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias

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Diagnosis of vitality in skin wounds in the ligature marks resulting from suicide hanging
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2017-09) Giménez, M.; Martínez Díaz, F.; Nuno Vieira, D.; Falcón Romero, María; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Ascertaining the vital origin of skin wounds is one of the most challenging problems in forensic pathology. The forensic literature describes biomarkers and methods for differentiating vital and postmortem wounds, although no clear conclusions have been reached. The aim of this study was to characterize human vital wounds by analyzing the concentrations of metallic ions and the expression of P-selectin and cathepsin D in skin wounds in the ligature marks in a cohort of suicidal hangings for which vitality was previously demonstrated. A total of 71 skin wounds were analyzed within a postmortem interval of 19 to 36 hours. The concentration of Fe, Zn, Mg, and Ca and the expression of P-selectin and cathepsin D were analyzed together and separately. The majority of autopsied suicidal hangings were men (86%) with complete hanging mode (60.7%) in which there was a high frequency of subcutaneous injuries (78.3%). High concentrations of Ca and Mg compared with Fe and Zn were found. Ca and Zn concentrations decreased, and Fe concentration increased with the seriousness of the injury. A high percentage of moderately negative expression of both proteins was correlated with subcutaneous injury and low or medium concentrations of Fe. In conclusion, the joint study of metallic ions and proteins allows to characterize and to differentiate an injured vital wound of noninjured skin, especially when the damage in the tissue affects to the majority of the structures of the skin, but these results will need to be complemented with other biomarkers in time-controlled samples to further help in the differentiation of vital and postmortem wounds.
Open Access
Occult bloodstains detection in crime scene analysis
(Elsevier, 2021-09-25) Indalecio Céspedes, Carlos Rafael; Sánchez Rodríguez, María Faustina; Hernández Romero, Diana; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Blood detection in forensic investigation is the milestone in crime scene analysis. Locating bloodstains on dark clothing are often difficult and it is well known the discrepancy about selection of the most suitable method to locate and identify blood stains, depending on the presence of different contaminants and the occurrence of false positives or negatives of human’s blood. The main purpose of this paper was to compare different orientation tests for blood detection on different materials, presenting with contaminated samples and treatments. Human blood was tested in car mat, dark tiles, unlacquered wood surface and sneakers with recent and old stains. Samples were prepared with blood, paint, bleach, dish soap multi-use cleaner, juice, fruit and milk using different combinations and protocols. In the case of forensic lights, and depending on the wavelength and filter used, latent stains were not detected and some false negatives and false positives appeared in different contaminants and treatments. In addition, bleach resulted the main contaminant, altering most tests. In conclusion, our results confirmed that luminol is the most effective test for detecting fresh and latent blood stains, because no type of contamination interfered on its reliability.
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Perfil psicofisiológico y biográfico en los delincuentes juveniles: aplicación a la prevención de las conductas asociadas precoces / Eduardo Javier Osuna Carrillo de Albornoz; director Aurelio Luna Maldonado.
(Murcia : Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Medicina,, 1987) Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier
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Immunohistochemistry as a tool to characterize human skin wounds of hanging marks
(Romanian Society of Legal Medicine, 2019-03) Giménez, M.; Martínez Díaz, F.; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Estimation of age and vitality of human skin wounds both in the living and dead is essential in forensic practice. The use of immunohistochemical parameters for the age estimation and vitality of human skin wounds remains difficult. Forensic literature describes different biomarkers and methods for the differential diagnosis of vital and post-mortem wounds, but to this day it is unclear its utility. The aim of this study was analysed wounds vital origin in a series of suicidal hangings were vitality had been demonstrated using fibronectin, cathepsin D and P-selectin, in order to discover the morphological changes that occur in a vital wound, and consequently, find useful vital injury diagnosis markers. A total of 15 human vital skin wounds from ligature marks from deaths by suicidal hanging and skin controls from same cadaver were analyzed in a postmortem interval between 19-36 hours. Fibronectine, cathepsin D and P-selectin were detected by immunohistochemistry. Our result shows a strongly fibronectin-positive reaction in basement membranes and interstitial connective tissue in all specimen of wounds of ligature mark. Granular staining pattern characteristic of cathepsin D was observed mainly in the basal layer of the epidermis in normal and wound skin. Cathepsin D analysis in ligature mark showed moderate positive and strong positive cells. A weak positive immunoreactivity P-selectin were found in vital wound compared with undamaged skin. In conclusion, our data show an increase of fibronectin and cathepsin D immunoreactivity expression and a decrease of P-selectin immunoreactivity in skin wounds from ligature marks from deaths by suicidal hanging of a postmortem interval between 19-36 hours.
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Impact of the Human Microbiome in Forensic Sciences: a Systematic Review
(American Society for Microbiology, 2020-10-28) García, Manuel G.; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Numerous studies relate differences in microbial communities to human health and disease; however, little is known about microbial changes that occur postmortem or the possible applications of microbiome analysis in the field of forensic science. The aim of this review was to study the microbiome and its applications in forensic sciences and to determine the main lines of investigation that are emerging, as well as its possible contributions to the forensic field. A systematic review of the human microbiome in relation to forensic science was carried out by following PRISMA guidelines. This study sheds light on the role of microbiome research in the postmortem interval during the process of decomposition, identifying death caused by drowning or sudden death, locating the geographical location of death, establishing a connection between the human microbiome and personal items, sexual contact, and the identification of individuals. Actinomycetaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Alcaligenaceae, and Bacilli play an important role in determining the postmortem interval. Aeromonas can be used to determine the cause of death, and Corynebacterium or Helicobacter pylori can be used to ascertain personal identity or geographical location. Several studies point to a promising future for microbiome analysis in the different fields of forensic science, opening up an important new area of research.
Open Access
El voluntariado universitario.
(Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2003) Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier
Open Access
Los procesos de evaluación de la calidad en los estudios de enfermería en el contexto del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.
(Murcia : Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2006) Chirivella Ramón, A.; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier
El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una aproximación sobre el desarrollo de la evaluación institucional en nuestro país, nuevos programas y retos que se están planteando en las titulaciones. La convergencia europea tiene en los procesos de calidad de los programas de formación y de los centros uno de los pilares más importantes. En Europa, incluida España, se han desarrollado en los últimos años intensos procesos de evaluación de la calidad propiciando la introducción de mejoras y la rendición de cuentas a la sociedad.
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Genetic susceptibility to nicotine and/or alcohol addiction: a systematic review
(Taylor and Francis Group, 2019-05-23) Calle, Irene de la; Arjona, Fuensanta; Roca, Miriam; Cejudo, Pablo; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Recent studies have confirmed the wide consumption of tobacco and alcohol in our society and the strong addiction generated by these substances, which is responsible for high public health expenditure. Understanding the biological mechanisms of nicotine and/or alcohol dependence should have huge public health repercussions in the future. The aim of this review was to analyze the main human genes and polymorphisms related to nicotine and/or alcohol addiction, to help understand the biological mechanisms involved and which may be useful for developing new treatments in the future.
Open Access
Diagnostic application of postmortem cardiac troponin I pericardial fluid/serum ratio in sudden cardiac death
(MDPI, 2021-03-30) Valverde-Vázquez, María del Rocio; Noguera Velasco, José Antonio; Hernández del Rincón, Juan Pedro; Hernández Romero, Diana; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
In approximately 5% of unexpected deaths, establishing a conclusive diagnosis exclusively on the basis of anatomo-pathological findings in a classic autopsy is difficult. Postmortem biomarkers have been actively investigated as complementary indicators to help to reach valid conclusions about the circumstances of death. Several studies propose either the pericardial fluid or peripheral veins as a location for troponin determination, but the optimum sampling site is still a matter of debate. Our objective was to evaluate the association between the ratio of troponin values in the pericardial fluid and serum (determined postmortem) and the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the context of sudden cardiac death. We included 175 forensic cases. Two groups were established: AMI deaths (48; 27.4%) and the control group (127; 72.6%). The cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) values in the pericardial fluid and the troponin ratio were found to be associated with the cause of death. Univariate regression analyses showed that both age and the cTnI ratio were significantly associated with the diagnosis of AMI death. In a multivariate analysis, adjusting for confounding factors, the age and cTnI ratio were independent predictors of death from myocardial infarction. We performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the cTnI ratio for AMI death and selected a cut-off point. Our biomarker was found to be a valuable and highly effective tool for use in the forensic field as a complementary method to facilitate diagnosis in nonconclusive autopsies.
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Drug-facilitated sexual assault and other crimes: a systematic review by countries
(2021-03-12) García, M. G.; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) and drug-facilitated crime (DFC) constitute a mode of violence that is generally unknown to the population and may go unnoticed by health professionals. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the victims of DFC, compiling their sociodemographic characteristics, the toxic substances used and their biological matrices and modes of action, in order to identify the substances that are commonly put to criminal use. The aim would be to establish political and health strategies that inform and warn people about possible criminal social behaviors consequent danger to health. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Alcohol, benzodiazepines and cocaine were among the most commonly detected substances. In most of the hospitals, immunoassays, liquid chromatography (LC-MS), or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to identify the substances, while the most frequently used biological matrices were blood and urine. From a judicial point of view, the instrumental protocols and techniques followed for the detection of toxics in different biological matrices must guarantee the reliability and validity of the results for use in a court of law. The recommendations of international organizations should be followed and must be called upon to strengthen their respective national laws against this chemical submission (CS) phenomenon.