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Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro

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Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro
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Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología
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    Effects of social and affective content on exogenous attention as revealed by event-related potentials
    (2019) Torrente, Ginesa; Kosonogov, Vladimir; Carretié, Luis; Carrillo Verdejo, María Eduvigis; Martínez Selva, José María; Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro; Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología
    The social content of affective stimuli has been proposed as having an influence on cognitive processing and behaviour. This research was aimed, therefore, at studying whether automatic exogenous attention demanded by affective pictures was related to their social value. We hypothesized that affective social pictures would capture attention to a greater extent than non-social affective stimuli. For this purpose, we recorded event-related potentials in a sample of 24 participants engaged in a digit categorization task. Distracters were affective pictures varying in social content, in addition to affective valence and arousal, which appeared in the background during the task. Our data revealed that pictures depicting high social content captured greater automatic attention than other pictures, as reflected by the greater amplitude and shorter latency of anterior P2, and anterior and posterior N2 components of the ERPs. In addition, social content also provoked greater allocation of processing resources as manifested by P3 amplitude, likely related to the high arousal they elicited. These results extend data from previous research by showing the relevance of the social value of the affective stimuli on automatic attentional processing.
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    Threat cues and attentional bias in blood-injection-injury phobia and snake phobia
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones., 2021) Kosonogov, Vladimir; Pineda, Sara; Torrente, Ginesa; Carrillo Verdejo, María Eduvigis; Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro; Martínez Selva, José María
    El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar el efecto de una señal que indica la aparición de una imagen fóbica sobre la actividad electrocortical provocada por el estímulo relevante para el trastorno en la fobia a la sangre por lesión en inyección (BII) y la fobia a las serpientes. Una muestra de 13 participantes con fobia BII, 12 individuos con fobia a las serpientes y 14 controles no fóbicos se sometieron a una tarea S1-S2, donde S1 era una palabra que describía el contenido de una imagen posterior (relacionada con la sangre, serpiente y neutral) que apareció 2 segundos después (S2). Obtuvimos las amplitudes ERP P200 y P300 provocadas por las imágenes. Nuestros resultados revelan que P200 no diferenciaba entre el contenido de las imágenes en la fobia BII mientras que, por el contrario, las imágenes relacionadas con la serpiente y la sangre provocaron las respuestas más grandes en los participantes con fobia a las serpientes. Tanto las imágenes relacionadas con la sangre como las de serpientes provocaron amplitudes de P300 mayores que las imágenes neutrales en todos los grupos. Las señales de amenaza redujeron la reacción electrocortical del BII, posiblemente por la provocación de respuestas anticipatorias o reguladoras. Estos resultados son indicativos de una baja atención automática exógena hacia los estímulos temidos en la fobia BII, como lo revela P200, probablemente relacionado con una falta de sesgo de atención al objeto fóbico.
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    Autonomic reactivity in blood-injection-injury and snake phobia
    (Elsevier, 2018-12) Maldonado, Enrique F.; Pineda, Sara; Torrente, Ginesa; Carrillo Verdejo, María Eduvigis; Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro; Martínez Selva, José María; Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología
    Objective: This research aimed to study the salivary flow and other autonomic reactions -heart rate (HR) and skin conductance response (SCR)- in blood-injection-injury (BII) phobia and snake phobia participants, under the assumption that exposure to blood-related pictures in BII phobia will provoke an increase in parasympathetic activity that, in turn, will lead to a greater saliva production than other affective contents. Methods: We selected 18 BII phobia and 14 snake phobia participants along with 22 non-phobia individuals. All participants were exposed to 3 blocks of pictures (12 pictures per block) depicting either mutilations, snakes or neutral, household objects. Saliva samples were taken in the 2-min interval before and after each block. Results: In comparison to other contents, blood-related pictures provoked an increase in salivary flow in BII phobia participants, as well as an increase in the number of SCRs. In the snake phobia group, snake pictures provoked HR acceleration, but the SCRs they elicited did not differ from the SCRs provoked by the blood-related pictures. Conclusion: BII phobia individuals react to their phobic object with a series of physiological changes resulting from a sympathetic-parasympathetic co-activation. This is in contrast with other specific phobias (e.g., small animal phobias) that usually show a sympathetically mediated, defensive reactivity when exposed to their disorder-relevant stimuli. These data support the use of therapeutic interventions in BII phobia that may differ in some respect from those used in other specific phobias.
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    Does social content influence the subjective evaluation of affective pictures?
    (Cambridge University Press, 2020-05-28) Kosonogov, Vladimir; Torrente, Ginesa; Carrillo Verdejo, María Eduvigis; Martínez Selva, José María; Sánchez Navarro, Juan Pedro; Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología
    This study explored the effect of the perceived social content of affective pictures on the subjective evaluation of affective valence and arousal. For this purpose, we established three categories of social content (pictures without people, with one person and with two or more people). A sample of 161 subjects rated 200 pictures varying in affective valence (unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant), arousal and social content. Results of two-factor analysis of variance (F(4, 157) = 71.7, p < .001, ηp 2 = .31) showed that perceived social content influenced the ratings of affective valence, specially for unpleasant pictures, with the greatest social content (two or more people) leading subjects to rate unpleasant pictures with the lowest ratings (all pairwise comparisons’ p < .001). Regarding arousal (F(4, 157) = 64.0, p < .001, ηp 2 = .29), the higher the social content, the higher the arousal ratings, but only for pleasant (all pairwise comparisons’ p < .007) and unpleasant (all pairwise comparisons’ p < .001) pictures. Overall, this study demonstrated an effect of the perceived social content on the subjective evaluation of affective valence and arousal of emotional stimuli.
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