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Romar Andrés, Raquel

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Romar Andrés, Raquel
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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Fisiología
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    Metabolic profile and glycemic response in fully-grown sows born using assisted reproductive technologies
    (Elsevier, 2024-10-02) Cánovas Bernabé, Sebastián; Heras García, Sonia; Romero Aguirregomezcorta, Jon; Quintero Moreno, Armando Arturo; Gadea Mateos, Joaquín; Coy Fuster, Pilar; Romar Andrés, Raquel; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de Veterinaria
    The aim of the present work was to gain insight into the metabolism of pigs derived from assisted reproductive technologies during their adulthood. Approximately 4h after feeding, a blood sample was taken from 3.5 year old sows born by artificial insemination (AI group, n = 7) and transfer of in vitro produced embryos (IVP group, n = 11) to determine the physiological concentrations of the main biomarkers of carbohydrates (glucose and lactate), proteins (albumin, creatinine and urea) and lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides). Four weeks later, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 1.75g glucose/kg body weight) was performed after an overnight fast and 1h of water withdrawal. Blood samples were obtained prior (T = 0 min; fasting conditions) and 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 min after glucose intake. At each time point, glycemia was measured immediately using glucometer test strips, and serum was collected to determine the above metabolites along with insulin and glucagon. After OGTT, the area under the curve (AUC) between sampling times and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA) indices were calculated. Under physiological conditions, the concentration of metabolites studied was similar between AI and IVP sows. In both groups, fasting decreased cholesterol and increased triglycerides and urea (P < 0.001). However, creatinine and lactate were similar in both groups under physiological and fasting conditions. The expected increase in albuminemia and decrease in glycaemia after fasting was only observed in IVP sows. OGTT revealed a different glucose curve pattern (monophasic in AI and biphasic in IVP group), a lower mean concentration of cholesterol, glucose, lactate, triglycerides in IVP compared to AI pigs (P < 0.01), and a higher mean concentration of albumin, creatinine and insulin in IVP compared to AI group (P < 0.05). On the contrary, no differences were found between groups for mean serum glucagon and urea levels, nor for glucose homeostasis indices HOMA-IR and HOMA-%B. The AUC differed between groups at several time points with larger AUC for creatinine, and smaller AUC for glucose, glucagon, and triglycerides, in IVP pigs than in AI pigs at 180–210 min (P < 0.05). In conclusion, under physiological conditions the metabolic profile of fully-grown AI and IVP sows is similar and within normal ranges. Glucose challenge revealed differences in metabolic and insulin responses between groups but with normal glucose tolerance in both cases.
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    Publication
    Open Access
    Mimicking the temperature gradient between the sow’s oviduct and uterus improves in vitro embryo culture output
    (Oxford University Press, 2020-07-09) García Martínez, Soledad; Latorre Reviriego, Rafael Manuel; Sánchez-Hurtado, M. A.; Sánchez-Margallo, F. M.; Bernabò, N.; Romar Andrés, Raquel; López Albors, Octavio Miguel; Coy Fuster, Pilar; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    This work was designed to determine temperature conditions within the reproductive tract of the female pig and study their impact on ARTs. Temperatures were recorded using a laparo-endoscopic single-site surgery assisted approach and a miniaturized probe. Sows and gilts were used to address natural cycle and ovarian stimulation treatments, respectively. According to in vivo values, IVF was performed at three temperature conditions (37.0°C, 38.5°C and 39.5°C) and presumptive zygotes were cultured in these conditions for 20 h, while further embryo culture (EC) (21–168 h post-insemination) was maintained at 38.5°C. After 20 h, different fertility parameters were assessed. During EC, cleavage and blastocyst stages were evaluated. Sperm membrane fluidity at the experimental temperatures was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching techniques. An increasing temperature gradient of 1.5°C was found between the oviduct and uterus of sows (P < 0.05) and when this gradient was transferred to pig in vitro culture, the number of poly-nuclear zygotes after IVF was reduced and the percentage of blastocysts was increased. Moreover, the temperature transition phase for the boar sperm membrane (37.0°C) coincided with the temperature registered in the sow oviduct, and sperm membranes were more fluid at 37.0°C compared with those of sperm incubated at higher temperatures (38.5°C and 39.5°C). These data suggest that there may be an impact of physiological temperature gradients on human embryo development.
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    Open Access
    Differences in weight, hierarchy, and incidence of lameness between two groups of adult pigs derived from assisted reproductive technologies
    (MDPI, 2022-12-17) Ramírez, Lisette L.; Ortin Bustillo, Alba; Ramis, Guillermo; Romar, Raquel; Coy, Pilar; Romero Aguirregomezcorta, Jon; Ramírez, Lisette L.; Ortín Bustillo, Alba; Ramis Vidal, Manuel Guillermo; Romar Andrés, Raquel; Coy Fuster, Pilar; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas ; Facultad de Veterinaria
    The in vitro production (IVP) and subsequent transfer of embryos (ET) to recipient mothers is not yet an established reproductive technology in the pig industry, as it is in cattle. However, that the trade of IVP-cryopreserved pig embryos is expected to start in the next decades. Society and governments are increasingly aware of the repercussions that IVP could have for animal health, welfare, behavior, or food safety, but proven scientific information for this type of animal does not exist, since no colonies of pigs have been created to this end. We created a small one and studied the differences between 16 IVP-derived pigs and 14 pigs derived from artificial insemination (AI), at 3.5 years of age, conceived from the same boar, and housed and fed under the same conditions since they were born. Incidence of lameness, position in the herd hierarchy, weight, adenosine deaminase activity, and hematological and biochemical analytes were compared between the two groups of animals. The results showed that the IVP animals weighed more, occupied higher positions in the herd hierarchy, and had a lower incidence of lameness. Although genetic differences from the maternal line could explain some of these results, it is also possible that the IVP animals developed better adaptative abilities, but more studies with a higher number of animals are necessary to reach consistent conclusions.
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