Falcón Romero, María

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Falcón Romero, María

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Falcón Romero, María

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias

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Open Access
Comunicaciones Orales.-Correlación de las concentraciones de tóxicos en sangre y hueso
(2020-05-06) Fernández López, Lucía; Prieto Bonete, Gemma; Cristina, Pérez Martínez; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Facultades, Departamentos, Servicios y Escuelas::Departamentos de la UMU::Ciencias Sociosanitarias
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Diagnosis of vitality in skin wounds in the ligature marks resulting from suicide hanging
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2017-09) Giménez, M.; Martínez Díaz, F.; Nuno Vieira, D.; Falcón Romero, María; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Ascertaining the vital origin of skin wounds is one of the most challenging problems in forensic pathology. The forensic literature describes biomarkers and methods for differentiating vital and postmortem wounds, although no clear conclusions have been reached. The aim of this study was to characterize human vital wounds by analyzing the concentrations of metallic ions and the expression of P-selectin and cathepsin D in skin wounds in the ligature marks in a cohort of suicidal hangings for which vitality was previously demonstrated. A total of 71 skin wounds were analyzed within a postmortem interval of 19 to 36 hours. The concentration of Fe, Zn, Mg, and Ca and the expression of P-selectin and cathepsin D were analyzed together and separately. The majority of autopsied suicidal hangings were men (86%) with complete hanging mode (60.7%) in which there was a high frequency of subcutaneous injuries (78.3%). High concentrations of Ca and Mg compared with Fe and Zn were found. Ca and Zn concentrations decreased, and Fe concentration increased with the seriousness of the injury. A high percentage of moderately negative expression of both proteins was correlated with subcutaneous injury and low or medium concentrations of Fe. In conclusion, the joint study of metallic ions and proteins allows to characterize and to differentiate an injured vital wound of noninjured skin, especially when the damage in the tissue affects to the majority of the structures of the skin, but these results will need to be complemented with other biomarkers in time-controlled samples to further help in the differentiation of vital and postmortem wounds.
Open Access
Editorial: Molecular mechanisms in psychiatry 2023: addictive disorders.
(Frontiers, 2025-02-17) Fernández López, Lucía; Almela Rojo, Pilar; Falcón Romero, María; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Farmacología
Open Access
Modificaciones estructurales y ultraestructurales en la mucosa gastrointestinal por acción de radicales libres. Posible efecto protector del etanol
(Asociación Española de Toxicología, 2001) Gómez Zapata, M.; Vicente Ortega, V.; Martínez Díaz, F.; Ordóñez Escudero, D.; Falcón Romero, María; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica
El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar como se modifica la estructura de la mucosa gastrointestinal al verse expuesta a radicales libres y determinar si el etanol puede disminuir los daños producidos por estos radicales libres. Para ello hemos estudiado las alteraciones histológicas (estructurales y ultraestructurales) de la mucosa gastroduodenal de ratas tratadas con el reactivo de Fenton (generador de radicales libres) con y sin etanol. Nuestros resultados muestran que a nivel estructural, el grupo de ratas a las que se administró etanol junto con el reactivo de Fenton presentaban menos lesiones de tipo inflamatorio que el grupo de animales tratados solo con el reactivo de Fenton sin etanol, lo que indica que el etanol sí amortigua la acción de estos radicales libres. Sin embargo a nivel ultraestructural no podemos hacer diferenciaciones entre los dos grupos ya que todas las lesiones encontradas son lesiones celulares inespecíficas y aparecen con igual frecuencia en los mismos. Por lo tanto, debido a la inespecificidad de las alteraciones histológicas producidas por los radicales libres, estas solo nos pueden reflejar la intensidad del daño producido pero no su etiología.------------
Open Access
Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents in Southern Italy and Correlation with Other Risky Behaviors
(2024-10-05) Cali, María Angela Alessandra; Fernández López, Lucía; Caravaca-Sánchez, Francisco; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Farmacología
Background: Addiction to smartphone is defined as the disability to cease using the device despite the physical, psychological, or social consequences. The diagnosis of this disorder is increasing exponentially among teenagers, even more so after Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to analyze the risk of mobile phone addiction among teenagers in Italy and its relationship with other risk behaviors, such as drug consumption and emotional well-being, following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Catania, Sicily, during 2022. The study sample comprised 342 students from a secondary education center that answered to a validated Italian version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) accessing through computers and mobile devices. Subjective Wellbeing was measured with the Personal Wellbeing Index-School Children (PWI-SC). Also, they completed the NIAAA Brief Alcohol Use Screener. Results: Our results showed that 30.1% of students who participated in the survey were classified with a smartphone addiction. Besides, most of the participants used the Smartphone for social networks (86.0%). Regarding the other aspects measured, the mean self-perceived well-being score measured with the PWI-SC was 55.5, and 36.2% of participants were categorized as “high risk” for depression. Finally, four out of ten participants were at “moderate or high risk” of an alcohol use disorder. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the use of mobile phones is increasing in adolescents, an age group also exposed to social and health problems.
Open Access
Guía-Compendio para la comprensión de la Legislación Farmacéutica
(2015-12-15) Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Luna Ruiz-Cabello, Aurelio; Falcón Romero, María; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Sin departamento asociado; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier
Open Access
Identification of Benzodiazepine Use Based on Dried Blood Stains Analysis
(MDPI, 2024-06-17) Fernández López, Lucía; Rodríguez, Sandra; Cánovas Cabanes, Alberto; Teruel Fernández, Francisco Javier; Almela Rojo, Pilar; Hernández del Rincón, Juan Pedro; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Farmacología
Biological matrices are typically used in forensic toxicological or pharmacological analysis: mainly blood, vitreous humor or urine. However, there are many cases in which crimes are a consequence of drug intoxication or drug abuse and they are not closed because over the months or years the samples become altered or decomposed. A dried blood stains test (DBS-MS) has recently been proposed to be used in drug toxicology when blood is found at a crime scene. This test could help an investigator to reveal what a person had consumed before the perpetration of the crime. In order to check the possibilities of this test, we analyzed several dried blood stains located on a cotton fabric. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if the analysis of a dried blood spot located on a cotton fabric could be an alternate source of obtaining toxicological results, particularly regarding benzodiazepines. We splashed blood stains on cotton fabric with different concentrations of the following benzodiazepines: alprazolam, bromazepam, clonazepam, diazepam and lorazepam, which were dried for 96 h and subsequently quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Our results show that it is possible to identify several benzodiazepines contained in a cotton fabric blood stain; consequently, this method may add
Open Access
Comunicaciones Orales.-Prevalencia y patrones de victimización universitaria y ciber-insultos entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de Murcia
(2020-05-06) Rodriges Frantzisko, Oriali; Caravaca Sánchez, Francisco; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Luna Ruiz-Cabello, Aurelio; Facultades, Departamentos, Servicios y Escuelas::Departamentos de la UMU::Ciencias Sociosanitarias
Open Access
FASD y consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo : estudio sobre la formación de los profesionales sanitarios en España
(Universidad de Murcia, 2018-01-17) Navarro García, Alberto; Falcón Romero, María; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Facultades, Departamentos, Servicios y Escuelas::Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
Los efectos teratógenos del etanol están ampliamente demostrados por lo que su consumo está desaconsejado durante la gestación. Diferentes estudios realizados en España muestran que en torno al 40-50% de las mujeres embarazadas beben alcohol en algún momento de la gestación. La amplia gama de trastornos causados por la exposición prenatal al alcohol recibe el nombre de Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal (FASD) e incluyen discapacidades físicas y mentales como retraso mental, trastornos del aprendizaje y de la conducta. La formación de los profesionales sanitarios es fundamental para prevenir y detectar el consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo, realizar una adecuada intervención sobre la gestante, y para poder diagnosticar y efectuar un seguimiento apropiado de los individuos afectados por FASD. El objetivo general de nuestro estudio es analizar la formación que reciben los profesionales sanitarios en España sobre los Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal y sobre los efectos del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo. Para ello realizamos un estudio descriptivo transversal para analizar los contenidos que se imparten en los Grados de Medicina y Enfermería, así como en los estudios de Máster relacionados con estas disciplinas. A su vez, también hemos estudiado la formación que se imparte en la Formación Sanitaria Especializada a los residentes MIR y EIR que poseen competencias en la salud materno-infantil. Por último, hemos identificado las actividades de formación continuada desarrolladas por los Colegios Profesionales y las actuaciones realizadas por los Planes Autonómicos sobre Drogas. Los principales resultados del estudio muestran que el 64,62% de los profesores de Medicina y el 67,19% de los docentes de Enfermería imparten formación sobre el tema de estudio, lo que se corrobora con los datos aportados por las respectivas Delegaciones de estudiantes de Medicina y Enfermería (61,5% y 57,7%). Las cifras sobre formación en los Másteres son inferiores según el profesorado (38,46%). En las Unidades Docentes de la Formación Sanitaria Especializada el 91,67% de las UD de matronas, el 87,5% de las UDM de obstetricia, el 50% de las UDM de pediatría y el 15,38% de las UD de Medicina Preventiva señalan que sus residentes reciben formación sobre el FASD. Solamente dos Colegios de Enfermería y cinco Planes Autonómicos sobre Drogas de los encuestados indican haber realizado formación sobre FASD. Nuestros resultados sugieren que los profesionales sanitarios en España no están recibiendo la formación suficiente en los estudios universitarios, en la formación continuada y en la formación sanitaria especializada sobre las consecuencias del consumo de alcohol en la gestación y sobre el FASD. Abstract: The teratogenic effects of ethanol have been widely demonstrated, so that its consumption during pregnancy is unadvisable. However, several studies carried out in Spain have shown that 40-50% of pregnant women drink alcohol at some moment during this time. The wide range of disorders caused by antenatal exposure to alcohol are known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) and include physical and mental disabilities, including mental retardation, learning difficulties and behavioural problems. Training health professionals is of fundamental importance for preventing or detecting alcohol consumption during pregnancy, performing proper interventions on consuming woman and diagnosing and following up individual affected by FASD. The main aim of this study is to analyse the training received by health professionals in Spain concerning FASD and the effects of consuming alcohol during pregnancy. A transversal descriptive study was carried out to analyse the contents of Medical and Nursing degrees and in Masters courses related with both disciplines. The training received during postgraduate internships (MIR and EIR in Spain) specialising in maternal-infant health. Lastly, we look at the continuous training offered by Professional Colleges and the actions carried out by local authority drug programmes. The results showed that 64.62% of teachers in Medicine and 67.19% in nursing provide training on the subject, which reflects the data provided by the corresponding students associations (61.5% and 57.7%). In masters programmes the figure are lower (38.46%) according to teachers self report. In the health Specialist Training Units, 91.67% of teachers in midwifery, 87.5% in obstetrics, 50% in paediatrics and 15.38% in Preventive Medicine acknowledge that their interns receive FASD training. Only two Nursing Colleges and five Regional Authorities with drug-related programmes say that they provide such training. The results as a whole suggest that health professionals in Spain do not receive sufficient information on FASD in their university degree courses, or receive continuous or specialist training on the consequences of drinking alcohol during pregnancy and on FASD.
Open Access
Carbamazepine overdose after psychiatric conditions: A case study for Postmortem Analysis in Human Bone
(2022-06-13) Fernández López, Lucía; Mancini, Rosanna; Rottolo, Maria Concetta; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Hernández del Rincón, Juan Pedro; Falcón Romero, María; Farmacología
Carbamazepine is the main option used as a preventive medication to treat bipolar disorder when there is no response to lithium. Carbamazepine toxicity is defined as serum levels greater than 12 μg/mL, with severe toxicity occurring over 40 μg/mL, reduced to 30 μg/mL when combined with pharmacological treatment, i.e., benzodiazepines or antidepressants. For these reasons, it is necessary to find a validated tool to determine carbamazepine levels in an autopsy to rule out suicide or to know if the death was a consequence of an adverse drug reaction (ADR), especially when only bones can be accessed. We have validated a tool to detect and quantify drug concentration in bone. Our results showed a peak for carbamazepine at minute 12 and a mass fragment of 193 m/z. This case study is the first time in the literature that carbamazepine has been detected and quantified in bone. These results demonstrate that carbamazepine can be detected in bone tissue from forensic cases, but almost more importantly, that the method proposed is valid, reliable, and trustworthy.