Azarbe Nº15 (2026)
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- PublicationOpen AccessUna mirada interdisciplinar hacia las violencias sexuales : reseña bibliográfica(2026) Díaz Hernández, Cristian; Sin departamento asociado
- PublicationOpen AccessMediación territorial y participación ciudadana en contexto de crisis democrática: Límites de la inteligencia artificial y capacidades distintivas del Trabajo Social en Chile(2026) Sanhueza Cisterna, Adriana; Sin departamento asociadoSocial work has developed something that no algorithm can replace; this article calls it “na-tural intelligence”: a relational and methodological capacity built through presence in the field, which allows practitioners to understand community dynamics, transform everyday grievances into political demands, and sustain participatory processes where institutions are absent or unresponsive. The ques-tion guiding this study is not theoretical but practical: what does social work do when formal mecha-nisms for citizen participation fail? To answer this, in-depth interviews were conducted with twenty Chilean professionals with direct experience in participatory processes. The empirical data shows that community mediation - the work of being present, interpreting, and building bridges between actors with differing power levels- is the core of this natural intelligence. It doesn’t emerge from a manual but from years of sustained presence in the field. The findings are particularly important in the current context. Accelerated digitalization and the incorporation of artificial intelligence into community inter-vention are pushing toward a technocracy that reduces professional practice to data management. In response, the interviews reveal that building trust, understanding power dynamics, and supporting a community through its own process -all of which occur at the municipal level, in close proximity- are crucial. It is concluded that this natural intelligence is not a romanticized attribute of the profession but a methodological asset that requires institutional recognition and explicit protection.
- PublicationOpen AccessSobrecarga de la Persona Cuidadora Informal de Personas con Discapacidad Grave en Zonas Rurales de Tetuán (Marruecos)(2026) Hernández Zúñiga, Lucero; Sin departamento asociadoThis research constitutes an original and relevant contribution to the field of care studies in Morocco, as it addresses for the first time the burden experienced by informal caregivers of persons with severe disabilities (personas con discapacidad grave, PcDG) residing in disadvantaged conditions in the rural area of Tetouan (Morocco). The objective was to describe their sociodemographic profile and identify the level of stress associated with caregiving in order to make visible the impact of this situation and provide evidence for the planning of support policies, including training programs, sociosanitary assistance, and respite services. The sample consisted of 70 participants linked to the HANANE Asso-ciation, selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), internationally and cross-culturally validated, with responses recorded on a Likert-type scale (1–5) according to experienced frequency. Results indicated that 90% of caregiv-ers perceived intense burden and provided care to the family member affiliated with HANANE as well as to one or more dependent individuals. Of the participants, more than 93% were women, with no education and an average age of 44.5 years. From a methodological perspective, the results yielded three groups composed of items from the Zarit questionnaire, which were labeled according to their grouping based on content and internal coherence, in order to simplify the interpretation and commu-nication of the statistical analysis. Each group represented the feelings and effects predominantly per-ceived in the sample: “Demanded Responsibility”, “Frustration” and “Adverse Effects of Caregiving”
- PublicationOpen AccessPaternalismo institucional y aporofobia en la atención a mujeres sin hogar: hacia un enfoque de derechos y dignidad(2026) Yurrebaso Macho, Amaia; García Valverde, Esther; Guzmán Ordaz, Raquel; Picado Valverde, Eva María; Sin departamento asociadoInstitutional aporophobia, understood as the set of practices and attitudes that reproduce the exclusion of people living in poverty within institutional frameworks, is an underexplored yet crucial phenomenon to understand structural discrimination dynamics. This study analyzes the manifestation of institutional aporophobia in its paternalistic dimension within services for homeless women in Spain. Drawing on the Stereotype Content Model (Fiske et al., 1999, 2002), which classifies professional perceptions based on warmth and competence, two main forms of institutional aporophobia are iden-tified: paternalism and contempt. The research follows a descriptive and exploratory design, using a structured questionnaire administered to 297 professionals working in various social services. Results show that paternalistic attitudes vary according to users’ characteristics (age, family status, mental health, and addictions), professional profiles (education, organizational role), and the type of service. Specialized services focused on addictions, mental health, or gender-based violence tend to reproduce higher levels of paternalism, while flexible, rights-based approaches, such as Housing First, foster more inclusive practices. Moreover, training in social sciences and the presence of larger multidisciplinary teams are associated with lower levels of institutional aporophobia. In conclusion, overcoming these dynamics requires revising protocols, eliminating exclusionary criteria, and transforming organizational cultures towards an intersectional, rights-based approach that recognizes the autonomy and dignity of homeless women.
- PublicationOpen AccessJusticia restaurativa, trabajo social y mediación.Una perspectiva antropológica de los modelos de gestión del conflicto(2026) Aranda Serna, Francisco José; Sin departamento asociadoThis article examines the relationship between Social Work and mediation through an anthro-pological analysis of conflict management models. The study is based on the premise that there is a cu-rrent trend toward the use of dialogue-based solutions. Although these dialogue-based approaches have very ancient anthropological roots, their institutionalization and formal regulation within modern legal systems constitute a recent innovation that seeks to recover horizontal models from ancient societies. It provides an exhaustive analysis of how original communities managed their disputes through collective responsibility and figures of moral authority, such as shamans or councils of elders, who operated under a logic of social cohesion rather than punishment. The research specifically explores how contemporary res-torative justice models are deeply rooted in these ancestral practices, highlighting the Family Group Con-ferences in New Zealand and the “sentencing circles” in North America. These approaches are presented as critical alternatives that prioritize the reparation of harm and the active participation of the affective environment, contrasting with the verticality of state-imposed sanctions. Finally, the article concludes that the social worker, in the role of mediator, must possess advanced technical expertise, an unwavering ethical commitment, and a “faith in the process” that validates their intervention. In this way, mediation is consolidated as an essential tool for transforming the culture of litigation, returning to citizens the ne-cessary sovereignty to resolve their own conflicts autonomously and peacefully.