Histology and histopathology Vol.31, nº7 (2016)
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- PublicationOpen AccessPore alterations of the endothelial lining of rat fenestrated intestinal capillaries exposed to acute stress(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Aosa, Taishi; Chiba, Seiichi; Kitamura, Hirokazu; Ina, Keisuke; Tatsukawa, Shuji; Moriwaki, Chinatsu; Wei, Huixing; Gotoh, Koro; Masaki, Takayuki; Kakuma, Tetsuya; Shibata, Hirotaka; Fujikura, YoshihisaStress-induced inflammatory responses in the portal system are characterized by elevations in serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS translocation from the intestinal to the capillary lumen occurs via LPS endocytosis by the capillary endothelium. Because the capillary endothelium of the small intestinal submucosa is fenestrated, we determined the role of pore modifications within the fenestrated endothelium in relaying inflammatory stress responses in the portal vein. We evaluated changes in the diameter and density of endothelial pores of the lamina propria of intestinal villi induced by continuous light (CL) exposure for 48 h and the correlation between these changes and serum IL-6 concentration in the portal vein in a rat model. We found significant increases in both the pore diameter and density, accompanied by a significant increase in portal IL-6 concentration; these changes were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with propranolol, a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist. In contrast, intravenous noradrenaline administration mimicked CL-induced modifications of the diameter and density of pores and the elevation of portal vein IL-6 concentration. These findings suggested that stress-induced inflammatory responses in the portal system may be a part of the modifications of the endothelial pores triggered by sympathetic activation.
- PublicationOpen AccessProtective function of pirfenidone and everolimus on the development of chronic allograft rejection after experimental lung transplantation(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Suesskind-Schwendi, M. von; Heige, E. l; Pfaehler, S.; Haneya, A.; Schmid, C.; Hirt, S.W.; Lehle, K.Long-term survival of lung allografts is limited by chronic rejection (CR). Oxidative stress (OxS) plays a central role in the development of CR. We investigated the influence of pirfenidone (alone or in combination with everolimus) on OxS and CR. A rat model of left lung allo-transplantation (F344- to-WKY) was used to evaluate the effects of pirfenidone alone [0,85% in chow from postoperative day (POD) -3 to 20/60] and in combination with everolimus [2,5 mg/kg bw daily from POD 7 to 20/60]. Allografts of non-treated animals, everolimus treated animals and right, non-transplanted lungs were used as references. Immunohistology of myeloperoxidase (MPO), haemoxygenase-1 (HO-1), iron and platelet-derivedgrowth-factor-receptor-alpha (PDGFR-a) were performed. On POD 20, all groups showed severe acute rejection (ISHLT A3-4/B1R-B2R). Groups treated with pirfenidone showed a lower interstitial inflammatory infiltration and a lower participation of highly fibrotic degenerated vessels (ISHLT-D2R). In the long term follow up (POD 60), pirfenidone alone significantly reduced chronic airway rejection (ISHLT-C; p≤0.05), interstitial fibrosis (IF; p≤0.05), content of collagen (p≤0.05), expression of PDGFR-a (p≤0.05) and the deposition of iron (p≤0.05). All groups treated with pirfenidone showed a high expression of the cytoprotective enzyme HO-1 (p≤0.05). The additional application of everolimus resulted in a significant decrease of chronic airway rejection (ISHLT-C; p≤0.05), vasculopathy (ISHLT; p≤0.05) and IF (p≤0.05). In conclusion, early application of pirfenidone inhibited the progression of CR by its anti-fibrotic and anti-oxidative properties. The additional application of an m-TOR-inhibitor increased the anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone which resulted in a reduction of CR after experimental LTx.
- PublicationOpen AccessExpression of p53 in endometrial polyps with special reference to the p53 signature(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Sho, Tomoko; Hachisuga, Toru; Kawagoe, Toshinori; Urabe, Rie; Kurita, Tomoko; Kagami, Seiji; Shimajiri, Shohei; Fujino, YoshihisaWe herein examined the significance of the p53 expression in endometrial polyps (EMPs). A total of 133 EMPs, including 62 premenopausal and 71 postmenopausal women with EMP, were immunohistochemically studied for the expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, Ki-67 and p53. Apoptotic cells were identified using a TUNEL assay. A DNA sequence analysis of TP53 exons 5 to 9 was performed. Among the premenopausal EMPs, a multivariate analysis showed the labeling index (LI) for Ki-67 to correlate significantly with that for p53 (P<0.001), but not that for apoptosis. On the contrary, among the postmenopausal EMPs, the LI for Ki-67 correlated significantly with that for apoptosis (P<0.001). The p53 signature (p53S) was defined by endometrial epithelial cells, which are morphologically benign in appearance but display 12 or more consecutive epithelial cell nuclei with strong p53 immunostaining. The p53S was found in nine (12.7%) postmenopausal EMPs (mean age: 70.2 years). The median Ki-67 index for the p53S was 7%, with no significant difference from that of the glands of the postmenopausal EMPs without the p53S (P=0.058). The median apoptotic index for the p53S was 0%, which was significantly lower than that of the postmenopausal EMPs without the p53S (P=0.002). Two of four p53Ss showed TP53 mutations according to the DNA sequence analysis. The presence of the p53S is not rare in postmenopausal EMPs with an advanced age. Among postmenopausal EMPs, the LI of Ki-67 significantly correlates with that of apoptosis. However, such a positive correlation between the LI of Ki-67 and apoptosis is not observed in p53S.
- PublicationOpen AccessBenign mesothelial cells in lymph nodes and lymphatic spaces associated with ascites(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Pizzi, Marco; Valentini, Elisa; Galligioni, Alessandra; Cesaro, Sonia; Da Dalt, Gianfranco; Rugge, MassimoIntra-nodal mesothelial cells are assumed to be indicative of metastatic mesothelioma. The invasion of benign mesothelial cells into lymph nodes is an extraordinary complication of different (mostly inflammatory) disorders involving the serosal cavities. In a cirrhotic patient with recurrent ascites, this report describes the first case of mesothelial cell spreading into lymphatic vessels, coexisting with non-malignant inclusions of mesothelial cells in multiple abdominal lymph nodes.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnalysis of cell-cell junctions in human amnion and chorionic plate affected by chorioamnionitis(2016) Licini, Caterina; Tossetta, Giovanni; Avellini, Chiara; Ciarmela, Pasquapina; Lorenzi, Teresa; Toti, Paolo; Gesuita, Rosaria; Voltolini, Chiara; Petraglia, Felice; Castellucci, Mario; Marzioni, DanielaChorioamnionitis is an acute inflammatory reaction associated with the premature rupture of the fetal membranes. It is caused mainly by invasion of bacteria from the vaginal tract that can penetrate the intact membranes and invade the amnion cavity and the decidua. Tight junctions (TJ) and adherent junctions (AJ) are intercellular junctions crucial for epithelia adhesion and permeability regulation in a wide variety of tissues and organs. Our aim is to investigate if TJ and AJ molecules are involved in human chorioamnionitis. We studied the protein expression (by immunohistochemistry and western blotting) and the mRNA levels (by RT-PCR) of some junction proteins such as Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, VE-cadherin and βcatenin in fetal membranes from women with chorioamnionitis compared to those membranes derived from idiopathic pregnancies. Western blotting and immunohistochemical data established that occludin expression was decreased in amnion with chorioamnionitis compared to amnion from idiopathic pregnancies. Samples tested for ZO-1, VEcadherin and β-catenin (proteins and mRNAs) showed no differences between idiopathic and pathological membranes. One of the most relevant results is the decrease of occludin in membranes with chorioamnionitis. Since we have previously demonstrated that some cytokines, particularly elevated in the chorioamnionitis, cause the disruption of TJs in placental villi, we suggest that the decrease of occludin in amnion may be the first change that leads to the rupture of the amniotic membrane in this pathology.