Browsing by Subject "Weight loss"
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- PublicationOpen AccessCognitive training therapy improves the effect of hypocaloric treatment on subjects with overweight/obesity: a randomised clinical trial(MDPI, 2019-04-24) Galindo Muñoz, Joaquín S.; Morillas Ruiz, Juana María; Díaz Soler, Inmaculada; Barberá Ortega, María del Carmen; Hernández Morante, Juan José; Martínez Cáceres, Carlos Manuel; Gómez Gallego, María; Atención SociosanitariaAbstract: Obesity has been associated with impaired cognitive performance. This study aimed to determine whether improvements in cognitive function may contribute to higher weight loss in patients with obesity. In this randomised, 12-week trial, participants with overweight/obesity were randomised into a cognitive training intervention (Cognitive) group or a cognitive-behavioural (Control) group. In addition, both groups followed a hypocaloric dietary treatment. Cognitive functioning measurements and anthropometrical parameters were evaluated. All cognitive measures improved in the intervention group (p < 0.005 in all contrasts). In controls, significant improvements in attention, flexibility and task planning were also observed. Regarding anthropometrical parameters, the effect of the intervention in the cognitive group was higher for the total percentage of weight loss, body mass index (BMI), body fat and waist circumference. Biochemical parameters improved in both groups. Attending to our data, cognitive training was more effective that the hypocaloric intervention alone, partly related to an improvement in the working memory. Despite the shortage of training interventions for executive functions in the context of weight control, this type of combined intervention could establish the first steps towards a more appropriate intervention for patients with obesity.
- PublicationOpen AccessDiseño y validación de contenido de un cuestionario sobre Pérdida de Peso en Deportes de Combate (PPDC)(Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2016) Martínez Abellán, Alberto; Conesa Ros, Elena; Morán Navarro, Ricardo José; García Pallarés, Jesús; Cruz Sánchez, Ernesto de la; Ortega Toro, Enrique; López Gullón, José MaríaEl sistema de categorías por peso que rige los deportes de comba- te fomenta en estos atletas la puesta en práctica de determinados métodos y estrategias para reducir su masa corporal antes del pesaje ocial, así como otros hábitos y protocolos de rápida rehidratación y rellenado de las reser- vas energéticas en el lapso de tiempo (6-20 h) que separa este pesaje ocial del comienzo del torneo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar y validar por primera vez un instrumento que permita estudiar los hábitos que están llevando a cabo los deportistas de combate durante las fases de pérdida de peso y su posterior recuperación antes del torneo. Tras el diseño original del cuestionario, se vericó la validez de contenido y la validez estructural del instrumento a través del acuerdo y consenso de 12 jueces expertos. En segundo lugar, se realizó un estudio de la validez de compresión de los ítems que compone el instrumento con una muestra de 46 deportistas de combate experimentados. Así mismo, se calculó la abilidad mediante la aplicación de la prueba test-retest en una muestra de 28 deportistas. Los resultados indicaron que el cuestionario sobre pérdida de peso en deportes de combate presenta óptimos niveles de validez de contenido así como de re- producibilidad en las respuestas para identicar y monitorizar los métodos, las frecuencias y las estrategias con las que estos deportistas acometen las fases de pérdida de peso antes del pesaje y su posterior recuperación antes del comienzo del torneo.
- PublicationOpen AccessIncreased cardiopulmonary fitness Is associated with a greater reduction in depression among people who underwent bariatric surgery(MDPI, 2021-03-03) Vetrovsky, Tomas; Fortova, Tereza; Conesa Ros, Elena; Steffl, Michal; Heczkova, Jana; Belohlavek, Jan; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Actividad Física y DeporteThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of changes in cardiopulmonary fitness on the mental health of patients with severe obesity who underwent gastric bypass surgery (prior to and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery). Study participants were recruited from among patients of a regional hospital in Czechia who underwent gastric bypass surgery between April 2018 and October 2019. They were eligible if they (a) were between 18 and 65 years old, (b) provided written informed consent, and (c) were able to walk independently. Twenty-six patients (age 45.4 ± 9.0 years, body mass index 45.1 ± 7.4 kg·m−2, body fat 43.8 ± 4.8%) were included in the analysis. The key finding revealed that the greater the increase in cardiopulmonary fitness (i.e., longer distance walked in the six-minute walk test, 6MWT), the better the improvement in depression score among patients who underwent bariatric surgery. In particular, increments of 10 m in the 6MWT lead to the improvement of 0.5 points on the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. As the main implication, these results suggest that patients should participate in exercise training programs to increase their fitness status for optimal physical and mental outcomes of bariatric surgery.v
- PublicationOpen AccessKey determinants of weight loss trajectory across different periods of a behavioral weight loss intervention(Wiley, 2026-01-20) Peña Armada, Rocío de la; Longo Silva, Giovana; Rodríguez Martín, María; Yang, Hui-Wen; Garaulet Aza, Marta; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaObjective This longitudinal study aims to identify the key factors influencing the weight loss trajectory during a 24-week intervention and their relevance at different stages of the treatment. Methods We studied 1252 participants (age 18–65 years) of a cognitive behavioral program to lose weight. Body weight was measured weekly, and a range of variables at baseline and throughout the treatment period were assessed. Linear regression analyses were conducted to understand the factors involved in the weight loss trajectory across three treatment periods (0–6, 7–12, 13–24 weeks). Results The rate of weight loss progressively decreased from the 1st to the 3rd period (770–198 g/week). During the 1st period, the recent history of the individual, including baseline metabolic status, dietary habits, and motivation, was the highest-ranked determinant. In the 2nd period, the sole predictor was the long-term personal history of obesity, that is, the duration of the individual's lifetime spent with overweight/obesity. In the 3rd period, emotional eating behaviors and related barriers emerged as the two highest-ranked determinants of reduced rate of weight loss. Conclusions Findings suggest targeted interventions that address the specific challenges of each period of weight loss interventions. As treatment progresses, strategies focused on emotional-related behaviors may be crucial for sustaining weight loss. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02829619
- PublicationRestrictedNondigestible carbohydrates affect metabolic health and gut microbiota in overweight adults after weight loss(Elsevier, 2020-06-08) Johnstone, Alexandra M.; Kelly, Jennifer; Ryan, Sheila; Romero-Gonzalez, Reyna; McKinnon, Hannah; Fyfe, Claire; Naslund, Erik; López Nicolás, Rubén; Bosscher, Douwina; Bonnema; Frontela Saseta, María del Carmen; Ros Berruezo, Gaspar; Horgan, Graham; Ze, Xiaolei; Harrold, Jo; Halford, Jason; Gratz, Silvia W.; Duncan, Sylvia H.; Shirazi-Beechey, Soraya; Flint, Harry J.; Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y BromatologíaBackground: The composition of diets consumed following weight loss (WL) can have a significant impact on satiety and metabolic health. Objective: This study was designed to test the effects of including a nondigestible carbohydrate to achieve weightmaintenance (WM) following a period of WL. Methods: Nineteen volunteers [11 females and 8 males, aged 20–62 y; BMI (kg/m2): 27–42] consumed a 3-d maintenance diet (15%:30%:55%), followed by a 21-d WL diet (WL; 30%:30%:40%), followed by 2 randomized 10-d WM diets (20%:30%:50% of energy from protein:fat:carbohydrate) containing either resistant starch type 3 (RSWM; 22 or 26 g/d for females and males, respectively) or no RS (C-WM) in a within-subject crossover design without washout periods. The primary outcome, WM after WL, was analyzed by body weight. Secondary outcomes of fecal microbiota composition and microbial metabolite concentrations and gut hormones were analyzed in fecal samples and blood plasma, respectively. All outcomes were assessed at the end of each dietary period. Results: Body weight was similar after the RS-WM and C-WM diets (90.7 and 90.8 kg, respectively), with no difference in subjectively rated appetite. During the WLdiet period plasma ghrelin increased by 36% (P<0.001), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) decreased by 33% (P < 0.001), and insulin decreased by 46% (P < 0.001), but no significant differences were observed during the RS-WM and C-WM diet periods. Fasting blood glucose was lower after the RS-WM diet (5.59 ± 0.31 mmol/L) than after the C-WM diet [5.75 ± 0.49 mmol/L; P = 0.015; standard error of the difference between themeans (SED): 0.09]. Dietary treatments influenced the fecal microbiota composition (R2 = 0.054, P = 0.031) but not diversity. Conclusions: The metabolic benefits, for overweight adults, from WL were maintained through a subsequent WM diet with higher total carbohydrate intake. Inclusion of resistant starch in theWMdiet altered gut microbiota composition positively and resulted in lower fasting glucose compared with the control, with no apparent change in appetite. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01724411.
- PublicationOpen AccessPlasma short-chain fatty acid changes after bariatric surgery in patients with severe obesity(Elsevier, 2023-01-31) Marıa Antonia, Martínez-Sánchez; Balaguer-Roman, Andrés; Fernández Ruiz, Virginia Esperanza; Almansa-Saura, Sonia; García-Zafra, Victoria; Ferrer Gómez, Mercedes; Frutos Bernal, María Dolores; Queipo-Ortuño, María I.; Ruiz Alcaraz, Antonio José; Nuñez-Sánchez, María A.; Ramos-Molina, Bruno; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología; Facultad de BiologíaBackground: Obesity has reached epidemic dimensions in recent decades. Bariatric surgery (BS) is one of the most effective interventions for weight loss and metabolic improvement in patients with obesity. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are gut microbiota-derived metabolites with a key role in body weight control and insulin sensitivity. Although BS is known to induce significant changes in the gut microbiota composition, its impact on the circulating levels of certain metabolites produced by the gut microbiota such as SCFA remains poorly understood. Objective: To determine the impact of BS on the circulating SCFA levels in patients with severe obesity. Setting University hospital. Methods: An observational, prospective study was performed on 51 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Plasma samples were collected at baseline (1 day before surgery) and at 6 and 12 months after BS. Plasma SCFA levels were determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: The results revealed significant changes in the circulating levels of SCFA after BS. A marked increase in propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate levels and a decrease in acetate, valerate, hexanoate, and heptanoate levels were observed 12 months after BS. Furthermore, the changes in the levels of propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate negatively correlated with changes in body mass index, while those of isobutyrate correlated negatively with changes in the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index. Conclusion: These results suggest that propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate levels could be related to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity in patients with severe obesity after BS.
- PublicationRestrictedThe effect of habitual sleep duration on weight loss during a behavioral weight loss intervention in a Mediterranean population(Elsevier, 2025-09-19) Rodríguez Martín, María; Szczerbinski, Lukasz; Garaulet Aza, Marta; Dashti, Hassan S.; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaBackground Sleep duration affects metabolic health and regulates appetite, but its role in behavioral weight loss interventions remains unclear as prior studies are limited by small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, and inconsistent findings. Objectives This study aims to examine the associations between nighttime sleep duration and weight loss during a behavioral intervention in adults with overweight or obesity in Spain. Methods This secondary analysis included adults with overweight or obesity from the Obesity, Nutrigenetics, Timing, and Mediterranean study, a 25-wk behavioral weight loss program. Participants self-reported sleep duration at enrollment and were categorized as short (<7 h), recommended (7–8 h), or long (>8 h) sleepers. Outcomes included percentage of weight loss, clinically meaningful or successful weight loss (≥5% of initial body weight), rate of weight loss (high/rapid rate ≥0.53 kg/wk), and attrition. Associations were examined using logistic regression and linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, baseline weight, intervention duration, and clinic site. Results Among 3628 participants (mean age 41.2 ± 14.1 y; 77.6% women), 23.7% reported sleeping >8 h, 60.9% reported sleeping 7–8 h, and 15.4% reported sleeping <7 h per night. Long sleepers had significantly lower average weight loss (7.42% of baseline weight) compared with recommended sleepers (7.90%, P = 0.015). Long sleep was associated with 21% lower odds of achieving a weight loss ≥5% of baseline weight [odds ratio (OR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66, 0.96], 25% lower odds of rapid weight loss (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89), and 21% higher odds of attrition (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.43) compared with recommended sleep. No significant associations were observed for short sleepers. Linear mixed-effects models indicated lower weight loss among long sleepers [β: 0.099; standard error (SE): 0.040; P = 0.015], but not for short sleepers (β: −0.031; SE: 0.048; P = 0.514). Conclusions Habitual long sleep duration is associated with reduced weight loss success and increased risk of attrition in a behavioral weight loss intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02829619.