Browsing by Subject "TGF-ß1"

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    Induction of high temperature requirement A1, a serine protease, by TGF-beta1 in articular chondrocytes of mouse models of OA
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Xu, Lin; Golshirazian, Imanoel; Asbury, Brian J.; Li, Yefu
    The goal of this study is to determine whether transforming growth factor beta 1 (Tgf-ß1) induces the high temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) in articular chondrocytes of two mouse models of osteoarthritis (OA). Early onset articular cartilage degeneration in the mouse models was characterized by histology. Expression profiles of Tgf-ß1, p-Smad1, pSmad2/3 and HtrA1 in knee joints of the mouse models were examined by immunofluorescene. By in vitro and ex vivo experiments, human primary chondrocytes and articular cartilages from femoral condyles of mice were treated with recombinant human TGF-ß1 and an ALK5 chemical inhibitor, SB431542. The level of HTRA1 mRNA in human and mouse articular chondrocytes was examined by real-time PCR. Chondrocyte clusters were present in the articular cartilage of knee joints in the mouse models. Increased expressions of Tgf-ß1, pSmad2/3 and HtrA1 were detected in the articular chondrocyte of knee joints in the mouse models. The increased expressions of p-Smad2/3 and HtrA1 were colocalized in the articular chondrocyte of the knee joints. The expression of p-Smad1 was hardly detectable in the mouse models and their corresponding wild-type littermates. The level of HTRA1 mRNA was increased in human and mouse articular chondrocytes treated with TGF-ß1, compared with that in chondrocytes without the treatment of TGF-ß1. The TGF-ß1-induced expression of HTRA1 in human and mouse articular chondrocytes was inhibited by SB431542. These results suggest that the Tgf-ß1 canonical signaling was activated to induce HtrA1 in the articular chondrocytes of the mouse models of OA.
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    TGF-B1 and VEGF after fresh frozen bone allograft insertion in oral-maxillo-facial surgery
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Rodella, L.F.; Favero, G.; Boninsegna, R.; Borgonovo, A.; Rezzani, R.; Santoro, F.
    Bone regeneration technique using allografts is widely used in oral surgery to repair alveolar defects and to increase alveolar volume for endosseous implant insertions. Bone allografts promote the reabsorption and neo-synthesis of bone tissue, which are regulated by numerous cytokines, proteins and growth factors. In this study, six patients with insufficient alveolar volume for endosseous implant insertions, were treated with bone regeneration technique using Fresh Frozen Bone (FFB) allografts collected from the femoral head or the hip. Samples of bone graft collected during graft insertion surgery and biopsies collected six months later during implantology were fixed, decalcified and analyzed histomorphologically and morphometrically by haematoxylin-eosin staining. In addition, TGF-ß1 and VEGF were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The histological analysis of FFBs showed wide areas of calcified bone organized in osteons intermingled with areas of non-calcified matrix containing osteoblasts. However, the regenerated alveolar bone, collected six months after the graft insertion surgery, showed wide areas of non-calcified matrix. TGF-ß1 and VEGF were less expressed in FFB than in regenerated alveolar bone
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    TGF-ß1 and IL-6 expression in rat pineal gland is regulated by norepinephrine and interleukin-1 ß
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Tsai, S. Y.; Schluns, K. S.; Le, P. T.; McNulty, J. A.
    T he pineal g land is part of th e neur oendoc rin e system that modulat es immun e functions. Beca use the gland is outside the blood-brain barrier, il is accessibl e to dir ec t feedback from circul atin g cyto kin es that affec t th e sy nth esis and secreti on of melatonin . Recent studi es have suggested that intrinsic immunoregul atory cytokines med iate these neuro-immune int e ra cti o ns und er th e co ntr o l of sympathetic innervation to the pineal. This study focused on th e expression of transfo rmin g growt h factor-f3 1 (TGF-f3I) and interl eukin-6 (IL-6), two cy toki nes th at have important regula tory functions on both neurons and immune cells. Northern blot RNA analysis showed that TGF-f3l, but not IL-6, was expressed in freshly dissected rat pineal glands from neo natal age (l -day-o ld) into ad ults. Immun ocy toc hemistry for TGF-B1 in adult glands revealed localization of this protein in astrocy telik e cells. The sy mp ath e tic ne ur o tr ansmitt e r norepinephrine (NE) increased transcript levels for both TGF-f31 and IL-6 in adu lt pinea l organ cultures. The effect of NE o n I L-6 exp ressio n was not found in dispersed cell cultures established from neonatal pineal glands. The immunoregul atory molecule interleukin-l/3 (IL-l /3) up-regulat ed th e expression of both IL-6 and TGF-/31 in ad ult pineal organ cultures, but not in neonate pineal organ cultures. These findings suggest that TGF- /31 and IL-6 have intrinsic regul atory roles in the pinea l gland and that both neural and immune factors are important mechanisms of regulation.