Browsing by Subject "Oral health"

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    Una aproximación al coste presupuestario de universalizar la salud bucodental en España
    (Elsevier, 2023-01-04) Montero Soler, Alberto; Sánchez Martínez, Fernando Ignacio; Economía Aplicada
    Objetivo: Realizar una aproximación a una estimación de la repercusión que tendría sobre el gasto público sanitario una ampliación de la cartera de prestaciones en salud bucodental que cubriera la mayor parte de los tratamientos terapéuticos que sufragan actualmente las personas de forma privada. Método: La estimación parte del nivel de gasto en servicios odontológicos del Sistema de Cuentas de Salud del año 2020 y se asume el dato de incremento de la demanda ante la universalización de los servicios extraído de un estudio de RAND para realizar, seguidamente, diversas proyecciones lineales de incremento del gasto introduciendo varios supuestos de copagos lineales para explorar el impacto de distintos mecanismos mixtos de financiación. Resultados: El incremento de la demanda sería de un 47,54% con respecto al gasto actual, y bajo los supuestos de partida el incremento en el gasto público alcanzaría unos 5345 millones de euros. Los diversos escenarios de copago minoran su impacto presupuestario. Conclusiones: A pesar de la mejora de la salud bucodental de la población española, persisten problemas derivados de la existencia de un gradiente socioeconómico que concentra la presencia y la prevalencia de enfermedades en los niveles socioeconómicos más bajos. Ampliar los servicios de la cartera bucodental para cubrir las necesidades de toda la población elevaría el gasto sanitario público en 0,48 puntos sobre el producto interior bruto, y aun así el gasto sanitario público español seguiría por debajo de la media de la Unión Europea. --------------------
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    Associations between mental and oral health in Spain: a cross-sectional study of more than 23,000 people aged 15 years and over
    (Elsevier, 2020-05-22) López Sánchez, Guillermo Felipe; Louis Jacob; Carvalho, Andre F.; Il Shin, Jae; Oh, Hans; Yang, Lin; Veronese, Nicola; Soysal, Pinar; Grabovac, Igor; Koyanagi, Ai; Smith, Lee; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Background: This study aimed to investigate associations between mental health and several parameters of oral health, controlling for a variety of important covariates, in a large representative sample of Spanish people. Methods: Data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analysed. Mental (i.e., depression, chronic anxiety, other psychiatric disorders) and oral health (i.e., dental caries, dental extraction, dental filling, gingival bleeding, tooth movement, dental material, missing tooth) were evaluated. Control variables included sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical multimorbidity. Associations between psychiatric conditions (independent variables) and the number of poor oral health outcomes (dependent variable) were assessed using Poisson regression models. The associations were investigated in the overall population, in married participants and in those who were single/widowed/divorced/separated. Results: There were 23,089 participants [54.1% women; mean (standard deviation) age 53.4 (18.9) years]. The prevalence of at least one psychiatric condition was 15.4% in the overall sample, while the mean (standard deviation) number of poor oral health outcomes was 2.9 (1.4). There was a positive association between any psychiatric condition and the number of poor oral health outcomes [incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.12], and there was a significant interaction between any psychiatric condition and marital status. The association was stronger in those participants who were single/widowed/divorced/separated. Limitations: Cross-sectional study. Oral and mental health were assessed with Yes/No questions. Exposure, outcome and covariates were self-reported. Conclusions: Those with poor mental health have worse oral health but being married has some protective benefits.
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    La compleja caracterizacion de la población de Cogotas I: la perspectiva de la antropología dental
    (2018-04-27) Velasco Vázquez, Javier; Esparza Arroyo, Ángel
    El propósito de este trabajo es intentar caracterizar desde la perspectiva bioantropológica la población de Cogotas I a través de la información que proporcionan distintos marcadores de la antropología dental (caries, desgaste, hipoplasia, sarro y pérdidas antemortem). Para ello se han estudiado 43 individuos procedentes de 18 yacimientos de la Submeseta Norte, valorándose los resultados globales mediante su balance con otros grupos peninsulares. Para avanzar en el conocimiento del repertorio analizado se valoran también los resultados estableciendo comparaciones entre hombres y mujeres, así como entre sujetos procedentes de depósitos primarios o secundarios. Los resultados indican diferencias entre hombres y mujeres, atribuibles tanto al tipo de alimentos consumidos por uno u otro sexo, como al particular perfil demográfico de la población analizada.
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    Diseño y evaluación de una cartilla para el Programa de Salud Bucodental en niños desde el nacimiento
    (Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra, 2021-08-20) Pérez Silva, Amparo; Abad Madrid, María; Serna Muñoz, Clara; Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Cabello Malagón, Inmaculada; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Fundamento En España no existe un control preventivo de la salud bucodental desde el nacimiento. Esto conlleva una serie de riesgos, como el aumento de caries en niños. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar una cartilla odontopediátrica para la valoración y seguimiento clínico de la salud bucodental en niños, así como su evaluación por profesionales de la salud y progenitores/tutores. Método Diseño de la cartilla, en 2018, por odontopediatras de la Clínica Odontológica Universitaria de Murcia, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, para instruir en hábitos preventivos (dietéticos e higiene bucodental) y curativos (planificación de visitas y tratamientos odontopediátricos). Evaluación del diseño preliminar, en 2019, por un grupo de cuarenta odontopediatras, odontólogos, pediatras y progenitores/tutores, muestreados por conveniencia. Cumplimentaron un cuestionario con sus datos, opinión sobre distintos aspectos de la cartilla y sugerencias. Resultados La evaluación de la versión preliminar de la cartilla por profesionales de salud y progenitores/tutores fue positiva; se modificó atendiendo a sus sugerencias y se confeccionó la versión final: cartilla de 16 páginas, con datos de filiación del niño y progenitores/tutores, con enfoque preventivo y curativo, haciendo coincidir en el tiempo revisiones pediátricas y odontopediátricas. Conclusiones La cartilla odontopediátrica se ha creado y ha sido valorada positivamente por distintos profesionales y tutores. Se recomienda su uso para la atención odontológica temprana, pudiendo ampliarse a otros sistemas de salud a nivel autonómico en España.-------------------------------------
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    Do preventive programs reduce the need for new sedation for the treatment of oral pathologies in healthy and special health care needs children?
    (MPDI, 2024-09-10) Gómez-Rios, Inmaculada; Serna-Muñoz, Clara; Pérez Silva, Amparo; Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Di Carlo, Gabriele; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Background: The goal is to analyze the need for reinterventions under deep sedation to treat oral pathologies in a population of children with special health care needs (SHCNs) and healthy children who followed a prevention program and to study the influence of parental motivation and child collaboration on the need for reinterventions under deep sedation. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in a private clinic in Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), with patients treated under deep sedation from 2006 to 2018, both years included, following the Strobe statement. Results: In this study with 230 children who were treated under deep sedation, 23.92% underwent two or more sedations. The mean time elapsed between the first and the second sedations was 21.64 ± 15.87 months, and the main cause for reinterventions was the occurrence of new pathologies. Significantly more pulp treatments were performed in the first sedation than in the second (p = 0.013) and in the third (p = 0.007). Healthy children required fewer reinterventions under deep sedation than children with special needs (6.42% vs. 39.67%). Similarly, patients who followed the preventive program and required some type of dental treatment were reoperated fewer times than those who did not follow the preventive program (35.8 vs. 50%); than “cooperative” children as opposed to “non-cooperative” (12.12% vs. 60.93%) and than patients with “motivated” parents as opposed to those with “non-motivated” parents (20.83% vs. 46.34%). A total of 50% of the children who participated in the preventive program became “cooperative”, and 100% were able to receive some treatment in the dental chair. Conclusions: Prevention programs, including motivational interviewing, are essential to improve children’s behavior in the dental chair and reduce the need for reinterventions under general anesthesia or deep sedation. Although patients with special needs do require more sedation during their lifetime due to their inability to cooperate, these programs are necessary for the maintenance of oral health status and for the early diagnosis of caries lesions. Pediatric dentists should implement a quarterly preventive program because it improves patient collaboration. It is essential to achieve the motivation of parents in the oral care of their children.
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    Influence of a preventive program on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of European pregnant women: a cohort study
    (Springer, 2018-04-06) Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Montero Martín, Javier; García Navas, Francisco; Vicente Hernández, Ascensión; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Camacho Alonso, Fabio; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    The aim of this study was to compare the impact of oral health on quality of life of a group of pregnant women enrolled in a program of oral health with respect to a control group of non-pregnant women. A cross-sectional study involving a sociodental indicator OHIP-14 and a dental examination was completed to assess pregnant women’s knowledge of oral health, hygienic habits, periodontal and caries index. Data were collected from 113 pregnant women and 113 non-pregnant women. Sociodemographic data for both groups were homogeneous. Pregnant women have better values of general and oral health, even though they have not perceived need for dental treatment, compared with control group. A worse periodontal health was observed for the control group. Our results showed that quality of life in pregnant women has been influenced with a statistical significance (p < 0.05) by the variables age, unemployment, level of education, immigration, frequency of brushing, type of dental practice, self-reported general and oral health and perceived treatment needs. The oral quality of life of pregnant women seems to be positively influenced by the incorporation of preventive oral programs during pregnancy.
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    Nutrición en adultos mayores con mala salud oral
    (Universidad de Murcia. Facultad de Ciencias Socio-sanitarias., ) Pérez Yépez, Angela; Santaella-Pascual, Marina; Ciencias Sociosanitarias (Lorca)
    INTRODUCCIÓN: Los cambios producidos en el mayor a causa del envejecimiento provocan problemas de índole nutricional. OBJETIVO: El objetivo general de este trabajo ha sido estudiar los problemas orales presentes en el adulto mayor y la repercusión que éstos tienen en su correcta nutrición. METODOLOGÍA: El estudio fue realizado en la residencia “Virgen de los Dolores” de Blanca, municipio de Murcia, y los sujetos de estudio fueron 63 adultos mayores de edades comprendidas entre 63 y 100 años que viven en o asisten al centro de día de la citada residencia. Se tuvieron en cuenta para la participación en este estudio todos los mayores del centro a excepción de los encamados. Al segmentar la población de estudio por sexo (17 hombres y 46 mujeres), observamos que el nº de mujeres casi triplicaba al de hombres. A todos los pacientes se les tomaron los siguientes datos epidemiológicos: edad, sexo, autonomía, patología de base y asociada, realizándose una valoración antropométrica y bioquímica, así como el test MNA. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa IBM SPSS Statistics versión 21. El nivel de significación del 5% fue adoptado para todos los test. RESULTADOS: Observamos una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,006) entre salud oral y evaluación del estado nutricional. De los 25 mayores que presentan un estado nutricional normal ninguno es desdentado total y sólo 8 carecen de algunas piezas, en cambio, de los 26 mayores que se encuentran en riesgo de desnutrición el 76,9% carece de dientes y de los 12 mayores desnutridos, el 75%. CONCLUSIÓN: La solución nutricional a los problemas orales es relativamente sencilla, se denomina modificación de texturas, y trata de adecuar cualquier alimento modificando su textura natural para hacerlo accesible a la ingestión de los mayores que carecen de piezas dentales.
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    Oral health status in older people with dementia: a case-control study
    (MDPI, 2021-01-27) López Jornet, Pía; Zamora Lavella, Carmen; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Pons-Fuster López, Eduardo; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Dementia is characterized by a range of cognitive defects with impaired activities of daily living that have implications for patient oral health. Objectives. A case-control study was made of the impact of dementia upon oral health. A total of 152 patients were included: 69 with dementia and 83 controls from the region of Murcia (Spain). The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) was used to classify the patients and an oral exploration was carried out. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using regression models. The patients with more severe disease were significantly more likely to have fewer natural teeth (OR 11.00, 95%CI 1.28–23.22; p = 0.001), a higher plaque index (p = 0.001), and a greater bleeding index (p = 0.001) than the control group. These findings suggest that older adults with dementia have deficient oral health. A higher bleeding index increases the risk of deterioration of cognitive function. The oral hygiene and health of older people with dementia need to be improved.
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    Oral status of older people in medium to long-stay health and social care setting: a systematic review
    (BioMed Central, 2021-06-14) Ruiz Roca, Juan Antonio; Martín Fuentes, Dora; Gómez García, Francisco José; Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Background: Older patients who spend long periods hospitalized or those who are in a situation of institutionalization represent a risk group in this regard, as many of them suffer a degree of dependence and need help to perform the basic tasks of personal care. It is therefore important to learn more of the oral health status of this group of patients in order to make a proper assessment of the situation and to develop protocols for its management. The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic review to ascertain the oral health status of older people patients admitted to institutions or hospitalized for a long period of time. Methods: a systematic review of the literature published in two different databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) was carried out, with 12 different combinations of keywords based on the following selection criteria: studies published in the last 5 years, in English and/or Spanish and/or Portuguese, with samples of ≥30 patients, performed in patients older than 65 years, admitted to any type of institution and/or hospital center for at least 7 days and in which the state of hard and/or soft tissues of the oral cavity were evaluated in some way. The selected articles were subjected to a thorough analysis. Results: The search strategy covered 1.014 articles: 689 from Pubmed and 325 from Cochrane Library. After applying the eligibility criteria, five articles were selected for our review. The level of evidence of the articles was, a sample of 773 patients most of them were women with an average age older than 70 years old. Conclusions: The oral health of patients aged more than 65 is worse than that of the rest population. Long hospital stays or being institutionalized in a residence makes this group susceptible to a worsening of their oral health status. It is necessary to develop protocols for the oral health care of these patients, accompanied by training programs for the personnel responsible.
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    Spanish Paediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding oral health of children under 6 years of age: a cross-sectional study
    (MDPI, 2022-08-03) Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Navarrete-García, Celia; Serna-Muñoz, Clara; Ausenia-Márquez, Verónica; Poza-Pascual, Andrea; Expósito-Delgado, Antonio Javier; Vicente, Ascensión; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a prevalent chronic pathology, and it has a negative impact on the oral and general health of the child patient. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Spanish paediatricians regarding early childhood caries according to the professional’s years of experience. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted by Spanish paediatricians via WhatsApp and e-mails from January to April 2021. Data were analysed using Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test and Cramer’s V test. Results: There were a total of 359 participants. Most respondents were women (81.3%) with up to 10 years of professional experience (31.2%) in primary health care and public health. In most cases, participants had an excellent knowledge of primary dentition (90.8%), but they ignored (56%) when the first visit to the dentist should occur. Regarding the aetiological factors of caries, oral hygiene and prevention, a lower rate of knowledge was observed. The majority of participants (80.8%) were not able to identify white spot lesions and enamel defects (76%). They considered that their knowledge in oral health was deficient, highlighting the need to increase their training. Less experienced paediatricians were found to have higher success rates. Conclusions: The level of knowledge and attitudes regarding early childhood caries of the evaluated paediatricians should be improved. Paediatricians had difficulties in identifying early caries lesions and enamel defects. Nevertheless, a higher level of knowledge and positive attitudes towards dental caries has been detected among paediatricians with fewer years of professional experience.