Browsing by Subject "Food analysis"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    A contribution to nutritional studies on Crocus sativus flowers and their value as food
    (Elsevier, 2013-08-02) Serrano Díaz, Jéssica; Sánchez, Ana M.; Martínez Tomé, Magdalena; Winterhalter, Peter; Alonso Díaz-Marta, Gonzalo L.; Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología
    About 68 kg of flowers are needed to produce 1 kg of saffron spice, while 63 kg of bio-residues composed of tepals, stamens and styles are generated. The proximate composition, minerals, dietary fiber (DF), sugars, anions and organic acids of flowers of saffron, their parts and bio-residues from saffron spice production have been analyzed. Whole flowers have high ash (7.39 mg/100 g), protein (10.07 mg/100 g) and available carbohydrates (61.2 mg/100 g), and are low in lipids (3.16 mg/100 g). Stamens are the flower parts with the highest contents of ash (11.43 mg/100 g), protein (24.05 mg/100 g), lipids (10.73 mg/100 g), total DF (32.2 mg/100 g) and insoluble DF (21.1 mg/100 g), and the lowest available carbohydrates (33.8 mg/100 g) and total sugars (4.3 mg/100 g). The insoluble/soluble DF ratios of floral bio-residues (1.2), stamens (1.9) and stigmas (1.3) are suitable as a balanced source of DF. These results could contribute to the using flowers of saffron as food, as well as the development of new food products from flowers of saffron and the management and exploitation of the bio-residues obtained in saffron spice production.
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    Advanced materials for magnetic solid-phase extraction of mycotoxins: a review
    (Elsevier, 2024-06-20) Castell Martínez, Ana; Arroyo Manzanares, Natalia; Viñas López-Pelegrin, Pilar; López García, Ignacio Francisco; Campillo Seva, Natalia; Química Analítica
    Mycotoxins can occur at various stages of the food production process. Due to the toxicity of many of these compounds for human health, the development of analytical methodologies that allow their detection and remediation in food is of great interest. However, food analysis is challenging due to the complexity of the matrices, so sample treatment is a crucial step. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) has become one of the most popular green approaches for the isolation of mycotoxins from complex matrices. Furthermore, advanced magnetic materials as molecularly imprinted polymers, metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks have emerged as promising candidates for MSPE, as they offer a simple and efficient application for mycotoxin extraction due to the possibility to modify and functionalize their surface according to specific requirements. This review provides an overview of the synthesis and recent applications of these sorbents for the MSPE isolation of mycotoxins from complex matrices.
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    Authentication strategy for paprika analysis according to geographical origin and study of adulteration using near infrared spectroscopy and chemometric approaches
    (Elsevier, 2024-02-17) Castell, Ana; Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia; López-García, Ignacio; Zapata, Félix; Viñas, Pilar; Química Analítica
    Paprika is a spice whose composition and characteristics vary with its geographical origin and additionally is illegally adulterated with dyes to improve its appearance. This work proposes a strategy based on Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) analysis and chemometric tools for its authentication and detection of fraud. A total of 115 paprika samples were analyzed, including paprika with protected designation of origin (PDO) labels from Spain, France and Hungary, and samples from China and Zambia. The proposed orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models allow to distinguish paprika according to its PDO and variety, as well as to identify adulteration with Sudan dyes or Congo red. Partial least squares regressions allow to quantify the adulterant in paprika from 0.1 to 5 %. Chemometric models achieved high classification success rates and suitable linearities. The proposed strategy is presented as a comprehensive and effective tool to ensure paprika quality and authenticity, including the detection and quantification of adulteration with commercial dyes.
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    Elemental composition in soft tissues as a model for identifying batches of juvenile Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)
    (Elsevier, 2023-01-26) Salvat-Leal, Inmaculada; Ortega, Aurelio; Blanco, Edurne; García, Jaime; Romero, Diego; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Integral Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) aquaculture will become a reality in the coming years and so tuna batches will have to be clearly identifiable to avoid commercial fraud and ensure this species’ conservation. Consequently, the objective of this study was to analyse the components of juvenile bluefin tissue to be able to discriminate between three tuna batches: specimens born in captivity and raised in inland facilities (onshore tanks), fish born in captivity and raised in the sea (sea cages), and wild tuna. Ten macro and trace elements (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Cu, Mn and Zn) were selected, and their concentrations were analysed in four soft tissues: liver, kidney, brain and muscle. Only one of the elements (Cu) showed statistically significant differences for fish batch in all tissues, so multivariate tests (Principal Component Analysis, PCA and Canonical Discriminant Analysis, DCA) were performed. In the PCA, there were partial batches separation in kidney and muscle. In DCA, the percentage of cases correctly classified using this validation were 60.8 % (liver), 88.6 % (kidney), 79.5 % (muscle) and 82.2 % (brain). Globally, muscle appear to be the best tissue for discriminating the batch of tunas, and wild specimens are the most readily identifiable.