Browsing by Subject "Chronic kidney disease"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Calidad de vida en pacientes nefrópatas con distintos tratamientos en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención en Nuevo León
    (Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2019) Hernández Cantú, Enoc Isaí; Maldonado Saucedo, Margarita
    Introducción:Lainsuficienciarenal crónica(IRC) es una enfermedadconseveras consecuencias paraquien lapadece. La diálisis, principal tratamiento sustitutivo renal, en sus distintas modalidades, invade la calidad de vidadel pacientey sufamilia. Objetivo:Determinar si existen diferencias significativas de calidad de vida entre los pacientes que reciben diálisis o hemodiálisis en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención en Nuevo León. Método:Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, con un apartado cualitativo. Diseño trasversal, prospectivo, comparativo. De un total de 634 pacientes en tratamiento sustitutivo renal, se obtuvo una muestra probabilística de 241. Mediante selección aleatoria se aplicó un instrumento validado para calidad de vida y se entrevistó a los 20 sujetos con mayor tiempo de tratamiento.Resultados:La diálisis peritoneal permite una mejor calidad de vida que la hemodiálisis en aspectos de una menor limitación en la alimentación, mayor capacidad de trabajo en casa, libertad para viajar, menos tensión nerviosa, una mejor vida sexual y un mejor aspecto físico. Conclusiones:Trabajar las distintas áreas que conforman la calidad de vida podría contribuir considerablemente a elevar sus niveles. El enfoque actual de la nefrología se centra únicamente en la dimensión física, pero podemos concluir que hay otros factores que conforman e influyen sobre la vida y la salud.
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    Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis in chronic kidney disease: a mini-review
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Li, Qing; Zhang, Aihua; Xing, Changying; Yuan, Yanggang
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a worldwide health problem. Progression of CKD may lead to many serious complications, which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Presently, there is no satisfactory treatment. Thus, targeted therapies are urgently needed. The kidneys are second to the heart in terms of mitochondrial abundance and oxygen consumption. Thus, it is not surprising that mitochondrial homeostasis is absolutely essential for the normal function of the kidney. In fact, a number of reports indicate that mitochondria are involved in the progression of CKD. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on mitochondrial homeostasis in CKD. We also provide an update on recent developments in the field of mitochondria-targeting therapeutic approaches against CKD
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    Flavonoids in Kidney Health and Disease
    (Frontiers, 2018-04-24) Vargas, Félix; Romecín, Paola; Wangesteen, Rosemary; Atucha, Noemí M.; García-Estañ, Joaquín; García-Guillén, Ana I.; Vargas-Tendero, Pablo; Paredes, M. Dolores; Fisiología
    This review summarizes the latest advances in knowledge on the effects of flavonoids on renal function in health and disease. Flavonoids have antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antiinflammatory effects, among other therapeutic activities. Many of them also exert renoprotective actions that may be of interest in diseases such as glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and chemically-induced kidney insufficiency. They affect several renal factors that promote diuresis and natriuresis, which may contribute to their well-known antihypertensive effect. Flavonoids prevent or attenuate the renal injury associated with arterial hypertension, both by decreasing blood pressure and by acting directly on the renal parenchyma. These outcomes derive from their interference with multiple signaling pathways known to produce renal injury and are independent of their blood pressure-lowering effects. Oral administration of flavonoids prevents or ameliorates adverse effects on the kidney of elevated fructose consumption, high fat diet, and types I and 2 diabetes. These compounds attenuate the hyperglycemia-disrupted renal endothelial barrier function, urinary microalbumin excretion, and glomerular hyperfiltration that results from a reduction of podocyte injury, a determinant factor for albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Several flavonoids have shown renal protective effects against many nephrotoxic agents that frequently cause acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as LPS, gentamycin, alcohol, nicotine, lead or cadmium. Flavonoids also improve cisplatin- or methotrexate-induced renal damage, demonstrating important actions in chemotherapy, anticancer and renoprotective effects. A beneficial prophylactic effect of flavonoids has been also observed against AKI induced by surgical procedures such as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) or cardiopulmonary bypass. In several murine models of CKD, impaired kidney function was significantly improved by the administration of flavonoids from different sources, alone or in combination with stem cells. In humans, cocoa flavanols were found to have vasculoprotective effects in patients on hemodialysis. Moreover, flavonoids develop antitumor activity against renal carcinoma cells with no toxic effects on normal cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic role in patients with renal carcinoma.
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    In-situ analysis of mast cells and dendritic cells in coronary atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD)
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Wachter, D.L.; Neureiter, Daniel; Câmpean, V.; Hilgers, K.F.; Büttner Herold, M.; Daniel, C.; Benz, K.; Amann, K.
    Aims. Mast cells (MC) and dendritic cells (DC) have immune modulatory function and can influence T-cell activity. Both cell types have been found in atherosclerotic plaques and are thought to play an important role for plaque stability. Compared to matched segments of the non-renal population, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show a more pronounced and more aggressive course of atherosclerosis with higher plaque calcification and significantly higher complication rates. It was the aim of this study to analyze the number and localization of MCs and DCs, macrophages, T- and B-cells as well as the expression of markers of inflammation such as CRP and NFκΒ in calcified and non-calcified atherosclerotic plaques of patients with CKD and control patients. Methods. Fifty coronary atherosclerotic plaques from patients with endstage CKD (CKD, n=25) and control (n=25) patients were categorized according to the Stary classification and investigated using immunohistochemistry (markers for MC, DC, T, B, macrophage and NFκΒ). Expression was analyzed separately for the complete plaque area as well as for the different plaque subregions and correlations were analyzed. Results. We found only very few DCs and MCs per lesion area with slightly increased numbers in calcified plaques. MCs per plaque area were significantly more frequent in CKD than in control patients and this was independent of plaque calcification. MCs were most frequently found in the shoulder and basis of the plaque. DCs per plaque area were significantly less in calcified plaques of CKD compared to control patients. In control, but not in CKD patients, DCs were significantly more frequent in calcified than in non-calcified plaques. Within the plaques, DCs were similarly distributed between all 4 subregions. Conclusions. Coronary atherosclerotic plaques of CKD patients showed a significantly higher number of MCs whereas DCs were less frequent compared to control patients particularly if plaques were calcified. These findings might indicate a potential proinflammatory role of MCs, but not of DCs in atherosclerotic lesions of CKD patients, adding another characteristic of advanced atherosclerosis in these patients.
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    Magnesium in Kidney Function and Disease—Implications for Aging and Sex—A Narrative Review
    (2023-03) Macías Ruiz, María del Carmen; Cuenca, Lorena; Veronese, Nicola; Fernández Villalba, Emiliano; Kublickiene, Karolina; Raparelli, Valeria; Norris, Colleen M.; Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra; Pilote, Louise; Barbagallo, Mario; Dominguez, Ligia; González Cuello, Ana María; Herrero, María Trinidad; Enfermería
    Magnesium (Mg) has a vital role in the human body, and the kidney is a key organ in the metabolism and excretion of this cation. The objective of this work is to compile the available evidence regarding the role that Mg plays in health and disease, with a special focus on the elderly population with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the eventual sex differences. A narrative review was carried out by executing an exhaustive search in the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Ten studies were found in which the role of Mg and sex was evaluated in elderly patients with CKD in the last 10 years (2012–2022). The progression of CKD leads to alterations in mineral metabolism, which worsen as the disease progresses. Mg can be used as a coadjuvant in the treatment of CKD patients to improve glomerular filtration, but its use in clinical applications needs to be further characterized. In conclusion, there’s a need for well-designed prospective clinical trials to advise and standardize Mg supplementation in daily clinical practice, taking age and sex into consideration.
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    Podocyte involvement in the pathogenesis of preterm-related long-term chronic kidney disease
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2024) Zhang, Lulu; Zheng, Jun; Ding, Fangrui
    With the continuous advancement of neonatal intensive care technology, the survival rate of preterm infants is gradually increasing. However, this improvement in survival is accompanied by long-term prognostic implications in various systems. In the field of renal diseases, current epidemiological data indicate that preterm birth is a significant risk factor for the development of long-term chronic kidney disease (CKD). This not only imposes an economic burden on patients families but also severely impacts their quality of life. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in this process could offer potential strategies for early prevention and management of CKD. Although the nephron number hypothesis is currently widely accepted as a mechanism, there has been limited exploration regarding podocytes - one of the most important structures within nephrons - in relation to long-term CKD associated with preterm birth. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current knowledge on how prematurity influences CKD development overall, while specifically focusing on our current understanding of podocytes in relation to prematurity
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    Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells preserves podocyte homeostasis through modulation of parietal epithelial cell activation in adriamycin-induced mouse kidney injury model
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Aslam, Rukhsana; Hussain, Ali; Cheng, Kang; Kumar, Vinod; Malhotra, Ashwani; Gupta, Sanjeev; Singhal, Pravin C.
    To determine the role of the transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in podocyte renewal, we studied BALB/C mice with or without adriamycin-induced acute kidney injury. MSCs were transplanted ectopically under the capsule of the left kidney or into the peritoneal cavity after the onset of kidney injury to test their local or systemic paracrine effects, respectively. Adriamycin produced increases in urine protein: creatinine ratios, blood urea nitrogen, and blood pressure, which improved after both renal subcapsular and intraperitoneal MSCs transplants. The histological changes of adriamycin kidney changes regressed in both kidneys and in only the ipsilateral kidney after intraperitoneal or renal subcapsular transplants indicating that the benefits of transplanted MSCs were related to the extent of paracrine factor distribution. Analysis of kidney tissues for p57-positive podocytes showed that MSC transplants restored adriamycin-induced decreases in the abundance of these cells to normal levels, although after renal subcapsular transplants these changes did not extend to contralateral kidneys. Moreover, adriamycin caused inflammatory activation of PECs with coexpression of CD44 and phospho-ERK, which was normalized in both or only ipsilateral kidneys depending on whether MSCs were transplanted in the peritoneal cavity or subcapsular space, respectively