Browsing by Subject "Accumulation"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Capitalismo y catástrofe
    (Universidad de Murcia, 2011) Mesa Moreno, Ciro
    Se trata de un análisis del concepto de «capitalismo». Entre las notas inherentes al mismo, destaca el autor lo catatrófico. A su vez, se explica de qué modo debe pensarse la catástrofe en cuanto pecualiaridad de la sociedad capitalista: como cotidianidad y normalidad. El artículo interpreta desde esas perpectivas la teoría de la acumulación originaria, y propone leerla no como un tratado histórico de las fases iniciales del desarrollo capitalista, sino un determinante de la catástrofe para los individuos vivos que le es constitutivo.
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    Chronic microplastic exposure and cadmium accumulation in Blue Crabs
    (MDPI, 2022-05-05) Hernández-López, María; Romero, Diego; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Aquatic ecosystems are severely threatened by the presence of a multitude of pollutants. In seas and oceans, the amount of plastics continues to increase and there is great concern about toxic element accumulation. Specifically, cadmium (Cd), a toxic metal, is highly relevant to public health safety due to its ability to accumulate in the internal tissues of crustaceans; likewise, microplastics (MPs) are emerging as pollutants capable of causing alterations in marine organisms. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the accumulation and distribution of Cd in the tissue of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) chronically exposed to MPs (25 µg L−1). In total, 24 crabs were exposed in water for 118 days to 2 types of MPs (virgin and oxidised). During the final 21 days of the experiment, the crabs were fed with tuna liver, a viscera in which Cd accumulates (mean of 7.262 µg g−1). The presence of MPs caused no changes in Cd concentrations in either the haemolymph or tissues (hepatopancreas, gills, and muscles) of the crabs, although for oxidised MPs, there was a positive correlation between Cd concentrations in the hepatopancreas and muscles, a relevant finding for food safety.
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    Concentration and distribution of macrominerals in tissues of Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to Cd and Cd-mixtures
    (Universidad de Valparaiso (Chile), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Naturales, 2021-12-31) García-Navarro, José A.; Vera-Sánchez, Miguel A.; Romero, Diego; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Marine ecosystems are under great pressure due to heavy metals pollution, and mussels remain an important knowledge source in this regard. In this study, Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed for 7 days to Cd and three Cd mixtures (Cd+Pb, Cd+Cu and Cd+Pb+Cu). The accumulation and tissue distribution of inorganic elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P and S, macrominerals) that are usually not taken into consideration in field studies on in bioassays were evaluated. Regarding concentration, the element which differed the most with respect to the control group was K, while Mg was the only one which showed no significant statistical difference with the control group. The group exposed to ternary mixture was the one in which there were more alterations in concentration and distribution of these macrominerals with respect to control, whereas in the group exposed to single Cd no significant differences in the concentration of these inorganic elements were found. The concentration and distribution of macrominerals in the compartments studied (digestive gland, gill and remaining soft tissues) is susceptible to the presence of Cd and heavy metal Cd-mixtures, with percentages of changes until 28.7%. Study results suggest that macrominerals composition in mussel tissues could be useful in studies of heavy metal contamination in marine ecosystems.
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    Cyanobacteria and Macroinvertebrate Relationships in Freshwater Benthic Communities beyond Cytotoxicity
    (MDPI, 2024-04-15) Ubero Pascal, Nicolás; Aboal, Marina; Zoología y Antropología Física
    Cyanobacteria are harmful algae that are monitored worldwide to prevent the effects of the toxins that they can produce. Most research efforts have focused on direct or indirect effects on human populations, with a view to gain easy accurate detection and quantification methods, mainly in planktic communities, but with increasing interest shown in benthos. However, cyanobacteria have played a fundamental role from the very beginning in both the development of our planet’s biodiversity and the construction of new habitats. These organisms have colonized almost every possible planktic or benthic environment on earth, including the most extreme ones, and display a vast number of adaptations. All this explains why they are the most important or the only phototrophs in some habitats. The negative effects of cyanotoxins on macroinvertebrates have been demonstrated, but usually under conditions that are far from natural, and on forms of exposure, toxin concentration, or composition. The cohabitation of cyanobacteria with most invertebrate groups is long-standing and has probably contributed to the development of detoxification means, which would explain the survival of some species inside cyanobacteria colonies. This review focuses on benthic cyanobacteria, their capacity to produce several types of toxins, and their relationships with benthic macroinvertebrates beyond toxicity.
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    Differences in the accumulation and tissue distribution of Pb, Cd, and Cu in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to single, binary, and ternary metal mixtures
    (Springer, 2017-01-12) García-Navarro, José A.; Franco, Lorena; Romero, Diego; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Heavy metals often accumulate in complex mixtures in the environment and are currently a source of concern in many marine ecosystems. Pb, Cd, and Cu are regarded as priority hazardous metals due to their great persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the tissue accumulation and distribution of these heavy metals in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to binary and ternary mixtures of metals as opposed to only single exposures. Heavy metal concentrations in the digestive gland, gills, and the other soft tissues were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and the distribution of each metal was analyzed according to compartments. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu increased significantly in the group exposed to the ternary mixture; however, there was no common response pattern to exposure in single and binary mixtures. Above all, the metals concentrated in the digestive gland, although the percentages of each element varied between compartments and varied between tissues according to the treatment.
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    Lead and cadmium in blood and tissues of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L., 1758)
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2024-02) Belmonte, Antonio; Munoz, Pilar; Romero García, Diego; Sanidad Animal
    Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels in blood and tissues of Atlantic bluefin tuna were analysed to gather in formation regarding their distribution, accumulation and inter-relationships, as well as to examine how sex affects them. In the whole population, the concentration range was from below the detection limit (bone) to 8.512 μg g− 1 (liver) for Cd, and from below detection limit (bone and gills) to 0.063 μg g− 1 (kidney) for Pb. The median concentration in the muscles (0.008 and 0.029 μg g− 1 for Cd and Pb, respectively) was 10 times less than the maximum permitted for consumption. Sex was shown to be an important variable affecting concentrations of Cd in both liver and kidneys, so taking into account sex when interpreting results is highly recommended. The importance of Cd and Pb bioaccumulation in fishery by-products, increasingly important in commercial circuits, is also highlighted.