Browsing by browse.metadata.contributordepartment "Psiquiatría y Psicología Social"
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- PublicationRestrictedA systematic review of psychological well-being interventions for child victims of school violence(Elsevier, 2024-12-31) Cascales Martínez, Andrea; Pina, David; López López, Reyes; Puente López, Esteban; López Ros, Paloma; Molero, María del Mar; Pérez Fuentes, María del Carmen; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialSchool violence is a serious social problem that affects many children and adolescents, with serious repercussions on their psychological well-being. In response to this situation, various prevention programs have been developed and implemented regardless of the role of the minor. Among the actions of greatest clinical and community interest are those focused on victims of bullying. The aim of this study is to analyze the interventions aimed at improving the psychological well-being of victims of school violence, as well as to describe the variables on which they intervene, and the results obtained. The methodology used was a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Collaboration recommendations, exploring all the studies published until December 2023 in the main databases. Experimental, quasi-experimental or pre-experimental studies were included, with minors between 6 and 17 years old, victims of bullying. On the other hand, studies where the population was diagnosed with developmental disorders or where the sample size in the posttest was less than 10 participants were excluded. The search yielded 40,120 articles, of which 39 were finally included in this review. Most studies reported that the intervention improved outcomes for victims, with half of them reporting effect sizes. Generally, psychoeducational interventions were described, with the cognitive-behavioral approach predominating as the most effective. The set of interventions collected provides researchers and professionals with evidence of empirically supported techniques that can be used in future interventions with children involved in school violence situations.
PublicationOpen AccessActivajoven. Una iniciativa de apoyo al empleo para jóvenes(2007) Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Meroño Méndez, Ana María; Palazón Ponce, Cristina; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialPrograma de la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia para orientar profesionalmente a jóvenes desempleados- PublicationOpen AccessAdaptación y validación del Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Violencia (CAHV) en una muestra de adolescentes de Perú(Universidad de Vigo, 2024-11-04) Pina, David; Montes Iturrizaga, Iván; Franco Chalco, Eduardo; Zeladita Huamán, Jhon Alex; Puente López, Esteban; Cascales Martínez, Andrea; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialLas actitudes hacia la violencia son un factor predictor del comportamiento violento en el contexto escolar. El Cuestionario de Actitudes Hacia la Violencia (CAHV) es uno de los instrumentos de evaluación más utilizados en este contexto. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue la adaptación y validación del cuestionario (CAHV) a adolescentes peruanos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 643 estudiantes de educación básica de Lima Metropolitana, Perú (M = 12,8; DT=1,32, rango: 11-16, 54,9% hombres) obtenida mediante muestreo no probabilístico. Se analizó la estructura interna y factorial, así como la invarianza según el sexo. Finalmente, se obtuvo un modelo unidimensional para cada una de las 4 escalas, con 5 ítems cada una. Se obtuvieron adecuados índices de ajuste y valores adecuados de consistencia interna (α = ,748-,782). Los resultados obtenidos señalan que el CAHV es un instrumento útil, fiable y válido, con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para evaluar las actitudes hacia la violencia en adolescentes peruanos escolarizados.
- PublicationOpen AccessAssessment of Non-physical User Violence and Burnout in Primary Health Care Professionals. The Modulating Role of Job Satisfaction(Frontiers Media, 2022-02-04) Pina, David; Llor Zaragoza, Paloma; López López, Reyes; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Puente López, Esteban; Galián Munoz, Inmaculada; Martínez Jarreta, Begoña; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialIntroduction: Growing concern about workplace violence shows the need for an evaluation in specific contexts in order to identify the particularities of each professional group. The health sector consists of a group of professionals with high exposure to violence, specially from users. There are differences depending on the professional category or unit in which the professional works. In this regard, Primary Health Care (PHC) is characterized by a personalized and continuous patient treatment over time, which is not exempt from cases of violence. Among the commonly studied consequences of these situations are decreases in job satisfaction and burnout.Objective: The main objective of this study is to analyze the modulating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between non-physical user violence and the onset of burnout.Methods: Cross-sectional comparative descriptive design. The sample consisted of 574 professionals from 39 PHC centers of the Murcian Health Service. Data were collected using two-stage cluster sampling. For data analysis, descriptive analysis, correlations and stepwise hierarchical regression were used to analyze the interaction between the variables.Results: Regression analysis draws a model where non-physical violence and low intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction act as modulators of non-physical violence, cynicism and emotional exhaustion.Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the psychological consequences of the perception of user violence in the PHC staff. Furthermore, it is evident that the emergence of burnout syndrome in these professionals is related to exposure to verbal or non-physical violence together with low job satisfaction. In this sense, a circular and bidirectional relationship between the variables studied is proposed as a possible explanatory model.
- PublicationOpen AccessAssociation between attitudes toward violence and violent behavior in the school context: a systematic review and correlational meta-analysis(Elsevier, 2022-04) López Nicolás, Rubén; López López, Reyes; Puente López, Esteban; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Pina, David; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialBackground/Objective: Both theoretical proposals and empirical work point to a common concurrence between attitudes toward school violence and violent behavior. Studies often address this issue superficially or within intervention programs. Our objective is to describe the results of a systematic review and to conduct a meta-analysis exploring these associations. Method: A systematic review was conducted in the main databases. Effect sizes were calculated and synthesized using random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the relationship between attitudes toward violence and school violence. A meta-regression was performed for the moderator analysis of sex and age. Results: The literature search strategy produced 12,293 articles. The review process produced a final result of 23 studies. Our results estimate a significant positive relationship (r = .368 p < .001; 95% CI [.323, .412]) between attitudes toward violence and school violence in children and adolescents. Conclusions: This study allows us to quantify with an adequate degree of specificity the attitude-behavior relationship in the school context. These results may facilitate future researchers to design programs that address this specificity in order to improve school climate. More research is needed using validated instruments to further specify the type of attitudes that have the greatest influence on the manifestation of school violence. -------------------
- PublicationOpen AccessAttitudes toward school violence against LGBTQIA+. A qualitative study(MDPI, 2021-10-29) Pina, David; Marín Talón, María Catalina; López López, Reyes; Martínez Sánchez, Ainhoa; Cormos, Lucía Simina; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Abacea, Begoña; Martínez Jarreta, Begoña; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialSchool climate is one of the main concerns in terms of research and intervention worldwide. Although it can be directed toward any student, some groups seem to be more vulnerable, as is the case of the LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex +) students, among others. Attitudes toward violence are a construct of particular importance for action plans focused on improving school coexistence. The aim of this study is to examine attitudes toward school violence against LGBTQIA+ students and their relationship with violent behaviors. For this purpose, 96 Spanish students of Spanish elementary education (PE) and compulsory secondary education (CSE) participated in this qualitative study through focus groups for its subsequent thematic analysis. The results identify four types of attitudes toward violence, such as the use of violence as a form of fun, to feel better, when it is perceived as legitimate, and as a way of relating to the LGBTQIA+ community. In addition, a greater number of negative attitudes and violent behaviors toward homosexual boys and transgender minors are observed.
- PublicationOpen AccessAttitudes towards school violence based on aporophobia. A qualitative study(Frontiers Media, 2022-12-23) Pina, David; Marín Talón, María Catalina; López López, Reyes; Martínez Andreu, Lucía; Puente López, Esteban; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialSchool violence is a worldwide problem. Among the variables that influence its frequency, perceived socioeconomic status seems to be associated with a higher risk of exposure to violence and attitudes toward violence. The aim of this study is to examine attitudes toward violence based on socioeconomic discrimination (aporophobia) and its relationship with violent behaviors in the school context. For this purpose, 96 Spanish students of Primary Education (PE) and Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) participated in this qualitative study through focus groups and thematic analysis. The results identified three types of attitudes toward violence directed toward those who are perceived as members of a lower status. The attitudes observed are related to self-esteem or feeling better, legitimization and socialization.
- PublicationOpen AccessAttitudes towards School Violence questionnaire, revised version: CAHV-28.(Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid (COPM), 2020-07) Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Puente López, Esteban; Llor Esteban, Bartolomé; Pina, David; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialSchool coexistence/violence is often the subject of social alarm. There is no consensus on the prevalence of violent behavior in the classroom, but there does seem to be about its differences according to sex, socioeconomic level, or the importance of preventive interventions for its reduction. Models consider attitudes towards violence as an indicator of risk for its expression. The objectives of this study are to explore the psychometric properties of the revised version of Cuestionario de Actitudes Hacia la Violencia [Attitudes towards Violence Questionnaire] (CAHV-25) in primary and secondary education students, proposing a version of four scales and a total of 28 items, along with the exploration of their significance as a function of sex and academic cycle. A qualitative review of CAHV-25 and a psychometric study of the revised version in each of its original dimensions was carried out, obtaining the fit indicators of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the scale was studied as a function of sex and educational stage se in school children (N = 600) of the Region of Murcia (Spain). The four dimensions show better psychometric properties in their revised version. Attitudes towards violence are more present in males and in secondary school. As conclusions, the proposed version optimizes the detection of attitudes towards violence in schoolchildren and suggests more specific school violence prevention programs. ------------------
- PublicationOpen AccessAttitudes towards school violence: a qualitative study with Spanish children(SAGE Publications, 2022) Llor Esteban, Bartolomé; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Puente López, Esteban; Pina, David; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialSchool violence is a social issue of particular interest both for intervention and research. Attitudes towards violence have been reported in the literature as relevant variables for evaluation, prevention, and intervention in this field. This study aims to examine in-depth attitudes toward school violence. The sample consists of 96 participants from Spanish Elementary Education and Compulsory Secondary Education schools. A qualitative study was conducted through focus groups and thematic analysis of the data. The results identify a habitual set of attitudes towards violence in children. These are related to violence as a way to feel better or increase self-esteem, as leisure or fun, perceived as legitimate, when violence is exercised against those who are different, when it has no consequences, to resolve conflicts, to socialize, and to attract the attention of peers. These results could serve as a basis for the creation of evaluation tools, as well as the design of prevention and intervention plans based on attitude modification.
- PublicationOpen AccessAttitudes Towards Suicide: A Systematic Review of Evaluation Instruments in Different Settings(Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid, 2025-05-30) Diaz, María; Pina, David; Díez Gómez, Adriana; Cascales Martínez, Andrea; López López, Reyes; Puente López, Esteban; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialBackground/Aim: Suicide is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that involves multiple variables, among which attitudes stand out. Given its usefulness for suicide prevention and the heteronomy found in the assessment of these attitudes, the aim of this study is to provide an updated synthesis of the instruments available for their evaluation. Method: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search included articles published up to December 2023 in the databases Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane, and the meta-search engine EBSCOHOST. Results: A total of 105,151 papers were obtained, of which 316 were subjected to a full-text screening that identified 41 studies that met the inclusion criteria. We found 14 original instruments, 11 validations in other samples, 13 psychometric studies and 3 papers that developed modified versions of previous questionnaires. Conclusions: This review can serve as a guide for the choice of tools for the assessment of attitudes towards suicide and, in addition, as a complement for studies on the prevention of suicidal behavior. In this way, the results facilitate responsible decision making based on the available evidence and adjusted to the needs of the professional.
- PublicationOpen AccessBD. Psychological distress. Emotional Intelligence. Coping stratiesMartínez Marín, María Dolores; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social
- PublicationOpen AccessBienestar y prevención del acoso sexual y por razón de género en la Universidad(2020-05-21) Yago Alonso, Carmen; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialMaterial para el curso impartido en la Escuela de Formación Continua de la Universidad de Murcia en el marco del Plan de Formación Corporativa 2026
- PublicationOpen AccessBurnout, psychological capital and health during COVID-19 social isolation: a longitudinal analysis(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021-01-25) Meseguer de Pedro, Mariano; Fernández Valera, María Magdalena; García Izquierdo, Mariano; Soler Sánchez, María Isabel; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social; Facultad de Psicología y LogopediaBackground: Drawing on the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic and its sanitary measures on coping strategies for preserving health, it is also necessary to add exposure to certain work stressors, such as burnout. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the confinement situation caused by COVID-19 on the levels of self-perceived health and psychological capital in a sample of workers, as well as to analyze whether exposure to burnout before social isolation would help to explain the levels of health and psychological capital. Methods: Data were collected in a longitudinal design. Time 1 surveys (December 2019) were sent to a sample of 354 Spanish workers while in Time 2 (April 2020) the employees completed 235 questionnaires. Results: Our findings indicate a significant worsening of employees’ health perception (t = −4.13; p < 0.01) and psychological capital (4.10, p < 0.01) levels during mandatory confinement in Spain. Our results also revealed that emotional exhaustion is the only burnout dimension capable of explaining the variance of health while self-efficacy does regarding psychological capital. Conclusion: We conclude a significant reduction in self-perceived health and psychological capital during COVID-19 mandatory confinement, and that burnout acts as a predictor variable in both health and psychological capital variance.
- PublicationOpen AccessLa búsqueda de empleo. El Curriculum vitae(Servicio Regional de Empleo y Formación-SEF, 2005) Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialDesarrolla todos los elementos necesarios para hacer un buen curriculum
- PublicationOpen AccessClassification accuracy and resistance to coaching of the Spanish version of the Inventory of Problems -29 and the Inventory of Problems - Memory: a simulation study with mTBI patients(Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-08-24) Pina, David; Puente López, Esteban; Rambaud Quiñones, Paula; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Nieto Cañaveras, María Dolores; Shura, Robert D.; Alcazar Crevillén, Andrés; Martinez Jarreta, Begoña; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialObjective: The present study aims to evaluate the classification accuracy and resistance to coaching of the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) and the IOP-Memory (IOP-M) with a Spanish sample of patients diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and healthy participants instructed to feign. Method: Using a simulation design, 37 outpatients with mTBI (clinical control group) and 213 non-clinical instructed feigners under several coaching conditions completed the Spanish versions of the IOP-29, IOP-M, Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology, and Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. Results: The IOP-29 discriminated well between clinical patients and instructed feigners, with an excellent classification accuracy for the recommended cutoff score (FDS ≥ .50; sensitivity = 87.10% for coached group and 89.09% for uncoached; specificity = 95.12%). The IOP-M also showed an excellent classification accuracy (cutoff ≤ 29; sensitivity = 87.27% for coached group and 93.55% for uncoached; specificity = 97.56%). Both instruments proved to be resistant to symptom information coaching and performance warnings. Conclusions: The results confirm that both of the IOP measures offer a similarly valid but different perspective compared to SIMS when assessing the credibility of symptoms of mTBI. The encouraging findings indicate that both tests are a valuable addition to the symptom validity practices of forensic professionals. Additional research in multiple contexts and with diverse conditions is warranted.
- PublicationOpen AccessCómo encontrar mi primer empleo (universitarios)(2009) Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialAnálisis de recursos para buscar el primer empleo en universitrios
- PublicationOpen AccessCompetencias en orientación laboral desde la perspectiva de los propios orientadores(2005) Hernández Fernández, Josefina; Parra Martínez, Joaquín; Gomariz Vicente, María Ángeles; Sánchez López, María Cristina; Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Juárez Ramos, María del Carmen; Martínez López, María Ángeles; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social; Métodos de Investigación y Diagnóstico en EducaciónCompetencias del orientador laboral en muestra realizada a orientadores de la Región de Murcia
- PublicationOpen AccessCompetencias específicas del orientador laboral en la Región de Murcia(2004) Hernández Fernández, Josefina; Parra Martínez, Joaquín; Gomariz Vicente, María Ángeles; Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Martínez López, María Ángeles; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social; Métodos de Investigación y Diagnóstico en EducaciónAnálisis de competencias del orientador laboral
- PublicationOpen AccessLas competencias profesionales de los técnicos que ofrecen servicios de apoyo a los desempleados difíciles de emplear(2003) Ruiz del Cerro, Juana; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialAnálisis de competencias necesarias para orientadores que ofrecen servicio de orientación a desempleados con dificultades por edad, género, formación, etc.
- PublicationRestricted“Count on me” Program to improve school coexisting in primary education(Elsevier, 2021-08) Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Llor Esteban, Bartolomé; Matás Castillo, Mercedes; Pagán Escribano, María; Puente López, Esteban; Pina, David; Psiquiatría y Psicología SocialBackground: After the family, school is the most important system of interpersonal relationships and socialization for children. Acceptance or rejection in the peer group, as well as relationships with the models of authority represented by teachers and parents, have profound consequences on children’s subsequent emotional and social development, depending on whether relationships are based on respect or violence. Achieving a safe school environment is a challenge and a need for children’s adequate psychosocial development. Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of an intervention program to improve school coexistence in Primary Education, based on its effects on the perception of the frequency of antisocial and prosocial behaviors among peers. Participants and settings: The subjects of the study were 256 Primary Education children aged between 9 and 12 years (145 in the experimental group and 111 in the control group). Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with control group. All participants completed a protocol that included sociodemographic data, cohabitation issues, five self-administered questionnaires, and a question on sincerity in the pretest and posttest phases. The intervention with the experimental group consisted of a module of eight face-to-face sessions and a peer mediation module throughout the entire academic year. Results: The results show a change in the trend of perceived violence. The groups, initially different (A higher rate of antisocial behaviors in the experimental group), were similar after the decrease in the intervention group’s antisocial behavior indicators. The initially similar indicators of prosocial behavior varied, increasing significantly in the experimental group. Conclusions: These findings support the need to incorporate into primary education awareness and reflection on the concept of violence, as well as the habit of alternative reactions to violent behavior, through social dialogue procedures and peaceful conflict resolution.